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Species delimitation and multi-locus species tree solve an old taxonomic problem for European squat lobsters of the genus Munida Leach, 1820

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Abstract

The taxonomy of Munida Leach, 1820 from the north-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea was studied using a comparative analysis of morphological characters and molecular markers (mitochondrial and nuclear). Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescence and the Poisson tree process models were used to delimit two groups of closely related species associated with uncertain nomenclature and taxonomic status: (1) Munida intermedia A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1899, M. rugosa (Fabricius, 1775), M. sarsi Huus, 1935 and M. tenuimana Sars, 1872 and (2) M. rutllanti Zariquiey-Álvarez, 1952 and M. speciosa von Martens, 1878. We found that M. tenuimana is restricted to northern Atlantic waters (north of approx. 48° N), while Mediterranean and Bay of Biscay specimens previously assigned to this taxon actually belong to a different species, indicating that the name Munida perarmata A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1894 should be resurrected. Furthermore, M. rutllanti is shown to be a junior synonym of M. speciosa, a species that has thus far only been reported along western Africa. In addition, three species are re-described and a key to European Munida is provided. The validity of the morphological characters used to distinguish the different species is discussed. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three independent lineages with unsolved relationships among them, including high genetic distances for some species. These findings indicate highly divergent lineages of the European Munida and several events of colonization along the eastern Atlantic.

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Abbreviations

Mxp3:

Third maxilliped

P1:

First pereiopod (cheliped)

P2–4:

Second to fourth pereiopods (first to third walking legs)

M:

Males

F:

Females

ov:

Ovigerous

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Acknowledgments

We are indebted to all the chief scientists of the various expedition cruises, and the captains and crews of the research vessels that provided the specimens used in this study. We remember our late colleague and friend, Michael Türkay, for his help during the stay of the last author (EM) at the Senckenberg Museum of Frankfurt-am-Main, for discussing ideas and taxonomic characters and for providing us with numerous specimens of the different species. We also thank Ricardo García who carried the lab work, Laure Corbari and Paula Martin-Lefèvre at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in France, Lydia Beuck at the Senckenberg am Meer in Germany, Eli Muñoz at the Spanish Institute of Oceanography, and Cedric d’Udekem d’Acoz at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in Belgium for their support in making specimens available for study. We thank Melinda Modrell for her conscientious language revision and thanks also to Shane Ahyong and other anonymous reviewer for their comments and suggestions that improved our manuscript.

Funding

The study was partially supported by the projects of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (CTM2014-57949-R and PopCOmics, CTM2017-88080, AEI/FEDER, UE and CTM2015-66400-C3-3-R, MINECO-FEDER).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Paula C. Rodríguez-Flores & Annie Machordom

  2. Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Spain

    Paula C. Rodríguez-Flores & Enrique Macpherson

  3. Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, E-08003, Barcelona, Spain

    Pere Abelló

  4. Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN-CSIC), Avda. República Saharaui, 2, 11519, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain

    Jose A. Cuesta

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  1. Paula C. Rodríguez-Flores
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Correspondence to Paula C. Rodríguez-Flores.

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Ethical approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed by the authors.

Sampling and field studies

Collection and field procedures followed the European Union directive (2010/63/UE) and the Spanish Laws (Royal Executive Order, 53/2013) for Animal Experimentation.

Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the GenBank repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/ (GenBank’s Accession Codes: MK138911-MK138956) and included in this published article and its supplementary information files.

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Rodríguez-Flores, P.C., Machordom, A., Abelló, P. et al. Species delimitation and multi-locus species tree solve an old taxonomic problem for European squat lobsters of the genus Munida Leach, 1820. Mar Biodiv 49, 1751–1773 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-00941-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-00941-3

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