Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Geochemistry of radiolarian cherts from a Late Devonian continental margin basin, Loei fold belt, Indo-China terrane

  • Paleontology
  • Published:
Journal of Earth Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

More than 42 species of well-preserved Upper Devonian radiolarians have been obtained from cherts and siliceous shales in four sections (Chom Noi, Phu Kham Phe (P), Phu Kham Phe (C) and Pha Samyod) from the NE Thailand sector of the Loei fold belt, Indochina terrane. They include Ceratoikiscum sp. cf. planistellare Foreman, Helenifore laticlavium Nazarov & Ormiston, Astroentactinia sp. cf. paronae (Hinde), Stigmosphaerostylus herculea (Foreman), S. pusilla (Hinde), S. cf. vulgaris (Won), Trilonche davidi (Hinde), T. echinata (Hinde), T. elegans Hinde, T. hindea (Hinde), T. palimbola (Foreman), T. vetusta Hinde, Polyentactinia polygonia Foreman, Spongentactinella sp. cf. windjanensis Nazarov, Archocyrtium sp.?, Palaeoscenidium sp., Triaenosphaera sp., and others. Radiolarian faunas from these sections indicate a range from lower Frasnian to Famennian. Analyses of rare earth, trace and major elements suggest that the Upper Devonian chert and siliceous successions from Loei were deposited in a continental margin environment near to a volcanic arc. These successions contain distinctive weak negative Ce anomalies with strong positive Eu anomalies which differ from Upper Devonian cherts reported from northern Thailand, the Truong Son fold belt (Laos) and from South China. Negative Ce anomalies and low to moderate Lan/Cen ratios imply proximity between the Chom Noi and Phu Kham Phe (C), which were deposited in more distal parts of the depositional basin than the Pha Samyod and Phu Kham Phe (P) samples. Most of the Pha Samyod and Phu Kham Phe (P) samples exhibit high continental-derived trace element levels including Cr, Zr, Hf, Rb, Th and in part V, which supports close proximity to terrigenous sources. Paleozoic stratigraphic sequences of the Loei fold belt and geochemical results suggest that the Upper Devonian deep marine sequences in the Loei fold belt were deposited within a rifted, continental-margin basin, possibly a back-arc basin and not in a large oceanic basin as has been previously suggested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References Cited

  • Adachi, M., Yamamoto, K., Sugisaki, R., 1986. Hydrothermal Chert and Associated Siliceous Rocks from the Northern Pacific Their Geological Significance as Indication Od Ocean Ridge Activity. Sedimentary Geology, 47(1/2): 125–148. doi:10.1016/0037-0738(86)90075-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aitchison, J. C., 1993. Devonian (Frasnian) Radiolarians from the Gogo Formation, Canning Basin, Western Australia. Palaeontotographica Abt., A228: 105–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Aitchison, J. C., Davis, A. M., Stratford, J. M. C., et al., 1999. Lower and Middle Devonian Radiolarian Biozonation of the Gamilaroi Terrane New England Orogen, Eastern Australia. Micropaleontology, 45(2): 138. doi:10.2307/1486110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aitchison, J. C., Stratford, J. M. C., 1997. Middle Devonian (Givetian) Radiolaria from Eastern New South Wales, Australia: A Reassessment of the Hinde (1899) Fauna. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Abhandlungen, 203: 369–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Aitchison, J., 1990. Significance of Devonian–Carboniferous Radiolarians from Accretionary Terranes of the New England Orogen, Eastern Australia. Marine Micropaleontology, 15(3/4): 365–378. doi:10.1016/0377-8398(90)90020-m

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aitchison, J. C., Flood, P. G., 1990. Geochemical Constraints on the Depositional Setting of Palaeozoic Cherts from the New England Orogen, NSW, Eastern Australia. Marine Geology, 94(1/2): 79–95. doi:10.1016/0025-3227(90)90104-r

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong, H. A., Owen, A. W., Floyd, J. D., 1999. Rare Earth Geochemistry of Arenig Cherts from the Ballantrae Ophiolite and Leadhills Imbricate Zone, Southern Scotland: Implications for Origin and Significance to the Caledonian Orogeny. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(3): 549–560. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.156.3.0549

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bond, D. P. G., Wignall, P. B., 2008. The Role of Sea-Level Change and Marine Anoxia in the Frasnian-Famennian (Late Devonian) Mass Extinction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 263(3/4): 107–118. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.02.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boynton, W. V., 1984. Cosmochemistry of the Rare Earth Elements. In: Henderson, P., ed., Rare Earth Element Geochemistry, Developments in Geochemistry 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 63–114

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Braun, A., 1990. Evolutionary Trends and Biostratigraphic Potential of Selected Radiolarian Taxa from the Early Carboniferous of Germany. Marine Micropaleontology, 15(3/4): 351–364. doi:10.1016/0377-8398(90)90019-i

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braun, A., Budil, P., 1999. A Middle Devonian Radiolarian Fauna from the Chotec Limestone (Eifelian) of the Prague Basin (Barrandian, Czech Republic). Geodiversitas, 21(4): 581–592

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, A., Maass, R., Schmidt-Effing, R., 1992. Oberdevonische Radiolarien aus dem Breuschtal (Nord-Vogesen, Elsass) und ihr Regionaler und Stratigraphischer Zusammenhang (Upper Devonian Radiolarians from the Breuchtal (Northern Vosges, Alsace) and Their Regional and Stratigraphic Relationships). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 185(2): 161–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunopas, S., 1982. Palaeogeographic History of Western Thailand and Adjacent Parts of South-East Asia. Geological Survey Division, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand. 1–801

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunopas, S., 1992. Regional Stratigraphic Correlation in Thailand. In: Piancharoen, C., ed., Proceedings of the National Conference on Geological Resources of Thailand: Potential for Future Development. Department of Mineral Resources. Bangkok, Thailand. 189–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Burrett, C., Udchachon, M., Thassanapak, H., et al., 2015. Conodonts, Radiolarians and Ostracodes in the Permian E-Lert Formation, Loei Fold Belt, Indochina Terrane, Thailand. Geological Magazine, 152(1): 106–142. doi:10.1017/s001675681400017x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burrett, C., Zaw, K., Meffre, S., et al., 2014. The Configuration of Greater Gondwana—Evidence from LAICPMS, U-Pb Geochronology of Detrital Zircons from the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic of Southeast Asia and China. Gondwana Research, 26(1): 31–51. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.05.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chairangsee, C., Hinze, C., Macharoensap, S., et al., 1990. Geological Map of Thailand 1: 50 000, Explanation for the Sheets Amphoe Pak Chom, Ban Na Kho, Ban Huai Khop, Nam Som. Geologisches Jahrbuch Reihe B, 73: 3–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Charoenprawat, A., Wongwanich, T., 1976. Geological Map of Changwat Loei, Scale 1: 250 000. Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand

    Google Scholar 

  • Charusiri, P., Kosuwan, S., Imsamut, S., 1997. Tectonic Evolution of Thailand: From Bunopas (1981)’s to a New Scenario. In: Dheeradirok, P., ed., Proceedings of the International Conference on Stratigraphy and Tectonic Evolution of Southeastern Asia and the South Pacific (GeoThai’97). Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand. 414–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, D. Z., Qing, H. R., Yan, X., et al., 2006. Hydrothermal Venting and Basin Evolution (Devonian, South China): Constraints from Rare Earth Element Geochemistry of Chert. Sedimentary Geology, 183(3/4): 203–216. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.09.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine, H., 1990. Some Devonian Corals from Northeast Thailand. Geologisches Jahrbuch Reihe B, 73: 57–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Fontaine, H., Salyapongse, S., Suteethorn, V., et al., 2005. Sedimentary Rocks of the Loei Region, Northeast Thailand: Stratigraphy, Paleontology, Sedimentology. Bureau of Geological Survey, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand. 165

    Google Scholar 

  • Foreman, H. P., 1963. Upper Devonian Radiolaria from the Huron Member of the Ohio Shale. Micropaleontology, 9(3): 267. doi:10.2307/1484751

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • German, C. R., Hergt, J., Palmer, M. R., et al., 1999. Geochemistry of a Hydrothermal Sediment Core from the OBS Vent-Field, 21°N East Pacific Rise. Chemical Geology, 155(1/2): 65–75. doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(98)00141-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gromet, L. P., Haskin, L. A., Korotev, R. L., et al., 1984. The “North American Shale Composite”: Its Compilation, Major and Trace Element Characteristics. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 48(12): 2469–2482. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(84)90298-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halamic, J., Marchig, V., Gorican, S., 2001. Geochemistry of Triassic Radiolarian Cherts in North-Western Croatia. Geologica Carpathica, 52(6): 327–342

    Google Scholar 

  • Hara, H., Kurihara, T., Kuroda, J., et al., 2010. Geological and Geochemical Aspects of a Devonian Siliceous Succession in Northern Thailand: Implications for the Opening of the Paleo-Tethys. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 297(2): 452–464. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.08.029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holser, W. T., 1997. Evaluation of the Application of Rare-Earth Elements to Paleoceanography. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 132(1–4): 309–323. doi:10.1016/s0031-0182(97)00069-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Intasopa, S., 1993. Petrology and Geochronology of the Volcanic Rocks of the Central Thailand Volcanic Belt: [Dissertation]. University of New Brunswick, New Brunswick. 424

    Google Scholar 

  • Intasopa, S., Dunn, T., 1994. Petrology and Sr-Nd Isotopic Systems of the Basalts and Rhyolites, Loei, Thailand. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 9(1/2): 167–180. doi:10.1016/0743-9547(94)90073-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, J. G., Klapper, G., Sandberg, C. A., 1985. Devonian Eustatic Fluctuations in Euramerica. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 96(5): 567. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<567:defie>2.0.co;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, B., Manning, D. A. C., 1994. Comparison of Geochemical Indices Used for the Interpretation of Palaeoredox Conditions in Ancient Mudstones. Chemical Geology, 111(1–4): 111–129. doi:10.1016/0009-2541(94)90085-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, D. L., Murchey, B., 1986. Geologic Significance of Paleozoic and Mesozoic Radiolarian Chert. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 14(1): 455–492. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.14.050186.002323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kametaka, M., Takebe, M., Nagai, H., et al., 2005. Sedimentary Environments of the Middle Permian Phosphorite-Chert Complex from the Northeastern Yangtze Platform, China; The Gufeng Formation: A Continental Shelf Radiolarian Chert. Sedimentary Geology, 174(3/4): 197–222. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.12.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamvong, T., Zaw, K., Meffre, S., et al., 2014. Adakites in the Truong Son and Loei Fold Belts, Thailand and Laos: Genesis and Implications for Geodynamics and Metallogeny. Gondwana Research, 26(1): 165–184. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.06.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, Y., Nakao, K., Isozaki, Y., 2002. Geochemistry of Late Permian to Early Triassic Pelagic Cherts from Southwest Japan: Implications for an Oceanic Redox Change. Chemical Geology, 182(1): 15–34. doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(01)00273-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khositanont, S., Zaw, K., Meffre, S., et al., 2013. Geotectonic and Geochronology of Volcano-Plutonic Rocks in the Loei-Petchabun Fold Belt. In: Senebouttalath, C., Roibang, P., eds., Proceedings of the 2nd Lao-Thai Technical Conference on Geology and Mineral Resources. Department of Geology and Minerals, Vientiane, Lao PDR. 81–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Khositanont, S., Panjasawatwong, Y., Ounchanum, P., et al., 2008. Petrochemistry and Zircon Age Determination of Loei-Phetchabun Volcanic Belt. Proceedings of the International Symposia on Geoscience Resources and Environments of Asian Terranes, (GREAT 2008). Bangkok, Thailand. 272–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiessling, W., Tragelehn, H., 1994. Devonian Radiolarian Faunas of Conodont-Dated Localities in the Frankenwald (Northern Bavaria, Germany). Abhandlungen Geologische Bundesanstalt, 50: 219–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunimaru, T., Shimizu, H., Takahashi, K., et al., 1998. Differences in Geochemical Features between Permian and Triassic Cherts from the Southern Chichibu Terrane, Southwest Japan: REE Abundances, Major Element Compositions and Sr Isotopic Ratios. Sedimentary Geology, 119(3/4): 195–217. doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(98)00046-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. X., Wang, Y. J., 1991. Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Radiolarian Faunas from the Luikiang Formation, Eastern and Southern Guangxi. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 8(4): 395–404 (in Chinese with English Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Marchig, V., Gundlach, H., Möller, P., et al., 1982. Some Geochemical Indicators for Discrimination between Diagenetic and Hydrothermal Metalliferous Sediments. Marine Geology, 50(3): 241–256. doi:10.1016/0025-3227(82)90141-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morley, C. K., Ampaiwan, P., Thanudamrong, S., et al., 2013. Development of the Khao Khwang Fold and Thrust Belt: Implications for the Geodynamic Setting of Thailand and Cambodia during the Indosinian Orogeny. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 62: 705–719. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.11.021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, R. W., 1994. Chemical Criteria to Identify the Depositional Environment of Chert: General Principles and Applications. Sedimentary Geology, 90(3/4): 213–232. doi:10.1016/0037-0738(94)90039-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, R. W., Brink, M. R. B. T., Gerlach, D. C., et al., 1991. Rare Earth, Major, and Trace Elements in Chert from the Franciscan Complex and Monterey Group, California: Assessing REE Sources to Fine-Grained Marine Sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 55(7): 1875–1895. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90030-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nazarov, B. B., Cockbain, A. E., Playford, P. E., 1982. Late Devonian Radiolaria from the Gogo Formation, Canning Basin, Western Australia. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 6(3): 161–173. doi:10.1080/03115518208565408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nazarov, B. B., Ormiston, A. R., 1983. Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Radiolarian Fauna from the Gogo Formation, Western Australia. Micropaleontology, 29(4): 454. doi:10.2307/1485519

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nazarov, B. B., 1973. Pervye Nakhodki Radiolyarii Entactiniidae i Ceratoikiscidae v Verkhnem Devone Yuzhnogo Urala (First Occurrences of Radiolaria of the Entactiniidae and Ceratoikiscidae Families in the Upper Devonian of the Southern Urals). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (Transactions of the Academy of Sciences, USSR), 210(3): 696–699

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, A. W., Armstrong, H. A., Floyd, J. D., 1999. Rare Earth Element Geochemistry of Upper Ordovician Cherts from the Southern Uplands of Scotland. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(1): 191–204. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.156.1.0191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paejui, B., Panjasawatwong, Y., 1994. Provenances and Tectonic Setting of Deposition of Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous Sandstone in the Pak Chom Area, Loei. In: Angsuwathana, P., Wongwanich, T., Tansathien, et al., eds., Proceeding of the International Symposium on Stratigraphic Correlation of Southeast Asia. Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand. 208–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Panjasawatwong, Y., Zaw, K., Chantaramee, S., et al., 2006. Geochemistry and Tectonic Setting of the Central Loei Volcanic Rocks, Pak Chom Area, Loei, Northeastern Thailand. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 26(1): 77–90. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2004.09.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pessagno, E. A., Newport, R. L., 1972. A Technique for Extracting Radiolaria from Radiolarian Cherts. Micropaleontology, 18(2): 231. doi:10.2307/1484997

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saesaengseerung, D., Sashida, K., Sardsud, A., 2007a. Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous Radiolarian Fauna from the Pak Chom Area, Loei Province, Northeastern Thailand. Paleontological Research, 11(2): 109–121. doi:10.2517/1342-8144(2007)11[109:ldtecr]2.0.co;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saesaengseerung, D., Sashida, K., Sardsud, A., 2007b. Devonian to Triassic Radiolarian Faunas from Northern and Northeastern Thailand. In: Tantiwanit, W., ed., Proceedings of International Conference on Geology of Thailand: Toward Sustainable Development and Sufficient Economy. Bangkok, Thailand. 54–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Salam, A., Zaw, K., Meffre, S., et al., 2014. Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Chatree Epithermal Gold-Silver Deposit: Implications for the Tectonic Setting of the Loei Fold Belt, Central Thailand. Gondwana Research, 26(1): 198–217. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.10.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K., Igo, H., 1999. Occurrence and Tectonic Significance of Paleozoic and Mesozoic Radiolaria in Thailand and Malaysia. In: Metcalfe, I., ed., Gondwana Dispersion and Asian Accretion. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. 175–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K., Igo, H., Adachi, S., et al., 1998. Late Paleozoic Radiolarian Faunas from Northern and Northeastern Thailand. Science Reports of the Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba, Section B, 19: 1–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Sashida, K., Igo, H., Hisafa, K. I., et al., 1993. Occurrence of Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic Radiolaria in Thailand (Preliminary Report). Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 8(1–4): 97–108. doi:10.1016/0743-9547(93)90011-d

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, S. R., McLennan, S. M., 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell, Oxford. 328

    Google Scholar 

  • Thanh, T. D., Phuong, T. H., Janvier, P., et al., 2013. Silurian and Devonian in Vietnam—Stratigraphy and Facies. Journal of Geodynamics, 69: 165–185. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2011.10.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thassanapak, H., Udchachon, M., Burrett, C., 2012. Devonian Radiolarians and Tentaculitids from Central Laos. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 60: 104–113. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.08.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thassanapak, H., Udchachon, M., Chonglakmani, C., et al., 2011. Geochemistry of Middle Triassic Radiolarian Cherts from Northern Thailand: Implication for Depositional Environment. Journal of Earth Science, 22(6): 688–703. doi:10.1007/s12583-011-0220-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Udchachon, M., Thassanapak, H., Feng, Q. L., et al., 2011. Geochemical Constraints on the Depositional Environment of Upper Devonian Radiolarian Cherts from Loei, North-Eastern Thailand. Frontiers of Earth Science, 5(2): 178–190. doi:10.1007/s11707-011-0153-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Udchachon, M., Thassanapak, H., Feng, Q. L., et al., 2015. Palaeoenvironmental Implications of Geochemistry and Radiolarians from Late Devonian Chert/Shale Sequences of the Truong Son Fold Belt, Laos. Geological Journal, doi:10.1002/gj.2743

  • Umeda, M., Obut, O. T., Iwata, K., et al., 2004. Late Devonian Radiolarians from the Rudny Altai, Russia. Novosti Paleontologii i Stratigrafii: Prilozheniye k Zhurnaly, 6/7: 103–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Usuki, T., Lan, C. Y., Wang, K. L., et al., 2013. Linking the Indochina Block and Gondwana during the Early Paleozoic: Evidence from U-Pb Ages and Hf Isotopes of Detrital Zircons. Tectonophysics, 586: 145–159. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.11.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., Aitchison, J. C., Luo, H., 2003. Devonian Radiolarian Faunas from South China. Micropaleontology, 49(2): 127–145. doi:10.2113/49.2.127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y. J., 1997. An Upper Devonian (Famennian) Radiolarian Fauna from Carbonate Rocks, Northern Xinjiang. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 14(2): 149–160 (in Chinese with English Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wonganan, N., Caridroit, M., 2005. Middle and Upper Devonian Radiolarian Faunas from Chiang Dao Area, Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand. Micropaleontology, 51(1): 39–58. doi:10.2113/51.1.39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wongwanich, T., Boucot, A., 2011. Devonian. In: Ridd, M., Barber, A., Crow, M., eds., The Geology of Thailand. The Geological Society of London, London. 53–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto, K., Nakamaru, K., Adachi, M., 1997. Depositional Environments of Accreted Bedded Cherts in the Shimanto Terrane, Southwest Japan, on the Basis of Major and Minor Element Compositions. The Journal of Earth and Planetary Science, 44: 1–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaw, K., Meffre, S., Lai, C. K., et al., 2014. Tectonics and Metallogeny of Mainland Southeast Asia—A Review and Contribution. Gondwana Research, 26(1): 5–30. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.10.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J., Du, Y. S., Liu, Z. X., et al., 2006. Mesozoic Radiolarian Chert from the Middle Sector of the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet and Its Tectonic Implications. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 49(4): 348–357. doi:10.1007/s11430-006-0348-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41672222), the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (No. BX201600194) and Mahasarakham University. Many thanks are conveyed to the staff at the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan). We thank Drs. Wenqiang Yang, Mei Ye and other colleagues from CUG for their hospitality and assistance during our visit to Wuhan. We appreciate comments from anonymous reviewers. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0738-4.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Paleontology and Biostratigraphy Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand

    Hathaithip Thassanapak & Mongkol Udchachon

  2. Paleontological Research and Education Center, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand

    Clive Burrett

  3. School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia

    Clive Burrett

  4. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Qinglai Feng

Authors
  1. Hathaithip Thassanapak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mongkol Udchachon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Clive Burrett
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Qinglai Feng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mongkol Udchachon.

Additional information

Hathaithip Thassanapak: http://orcid-org/0000-0001-9586-4263

Mongkol Udchachon: http://orcid-org/0000-0002-6138-0284

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Thassanapak, H., Udchachon, M., Burrett, C. et al. Geochemistry of radiolarian cherts from a Late Devonian continental margin basin, Loei fold belt, Indo-China terrane. J. Earth Sci. 28, 29–50 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0738-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0738-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation