Nigeria &amp; the drugs war

Klein, Axel

doi:10.1080/03056249908704360

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Review of African Political Economy

Volume 26, Issue 79

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Nigeria & the drugs war

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Author(s): Axel Klein ^a

Publication date (Print): March 1999

Journal: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

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Abstract

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): crea20

Journal ID (archive): CREA

Title: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

ISSN (Print): 0305-6244

ISSN (Electronic): 1740-1720

Publication date (Print): March 1999

Volume: 26

Issue: 79

Pages: 51-73

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^a Lecturer in Social Anthropology , University of Kent

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Publisher ID: 8704360 Coden ID: Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 26, No. 79, March 1999, pp. 51-73

DOI: 10.1080/03056249908704360

SO-VID: e24e8f39-2fea-4539-ac1f-48e30a5a8788

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All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 48, Pages: 23

Bibliography

Adelekan M L. . 1989. . ‘Self‐Reported Drug Use Among Secondary School Students in the Nigerian State of Ogun’. . Bulletin on Narcotics . , Vol. 16((1))
Adelekan M L and Odejide O A. . 1989. . The reliability and validity of the WHO student drug use questionnaires among Nigerian students’. . Drug and Alcohol Dependence . , Vol. 24((3)): 245––249. .
Akyeampong E K. . 1997. . Drink, Power and Cultural Change: A Social History of Alcohol in Modern Ghana . , London : : James Currey. .
Ambler Charles. . 1990. . ‘Alcohol, Racial Segregation and Popular Politics in Northern Rhodesia’. . J.A.H. . , : 295––313. .
Anumonye A, Tongue A and Tongue E. , eds. 1980. . African Seminar on Problems of Drug Dependence. Lagos November 1980 . , Lausanne : : ICAA. .
Asuni T. . 1964. . Socio‐psychiatric problems of cannabis in Nigeria’. . Bulletin of Narcotics . , Vol. 16:
Beckerleg Susan. . 1995. . ‘Brown Sugar or Friday Prayers’. . African Affairs . ,
Borrofka A. . 1966. . ‘Mental Illness and Indian Hemp in Lagos, Nigeria’. . East African Medical Journal . , Vol. 43:
Broad Kenneth and Feinberg Benjamin. . 1995. . ‘Perceptions of Ganja and Cocaine in Urban Jamaica’. . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs . , Vol. 27((3)) Jul‐Sep;
Cheng UWen. . 1961. . Opium in the Straits Settlement 1867–1910’. . Journal of South East Asian History . , Vol. 12((1)): 63––88. .
Constitutional Rights Report. . July 1996‐June 1997. 1996 . Human Rights Practices in Nigeria . July 1996‐June 1997. ,
Dambazau Ab. . 1996. . ‘Broad Spectrum overview of the Consequences of Drug Trafficking and Abuse to a Nation’. . Criminology Series . , Vol. 1((2))
1997. . ‘A Review of the Effectiveness of the Laws on Drug Abuse in Nigeria’. . Criminology Series . , Vol. 1((3))
Douglas Mary. . 1987. . Constructive Drinking: Perspectives on Drink from Anthropology . , Cambridge : : CUP. .
du Toit Brian. . 1980. . Cannabis in Africa: a survey of its distribution in Africa, and a study of cannabis use and users in multi‐ethnic South Africa . , Rotterdam : : A A Balkema. .
Glass S. . 1997. . ‘Don't you DARE’. . The New Republic . , March 3;
Goldstein P J. . 1985. . ‘The Drugs Violence Nexus: A Tripartite Conceptual Framework’. . Journal of Drug Issues . , Vol. 15((4)): 493––506. .
Grinspoon L. . 1969. . ‘Marijuana’. . Scientific American . , Vol. 22((1)): 12––25. .
Grivas Kleanthis. . 1997. . Drug Prohibition: a tool of domestic and foreign policy . , London : : Minerva Press. .
Joe G W, Chastain R L and Simpson D D. . 1990. . “‘Reasons For Addiction Stages’. ”. In Opiod Addiction and Treatment: A Twelve‐Year Follow‐Up . , Malabar , Florida : : Robert Krieger Publishing Company. .
Kalu A and Osinbajo Y. , eds. 1990. . Narcotics: Law and Policy in Nigeria . , Lagos : : Spectrum Books. .
Kibble S. . 1998. . Drugs and Development in South Africa . , London : : Catholic Institute for International Affairs. .
Kleiman M A. . 1992. . Against Excess: Drug Policy for Results . , New York : : Basic Books. .
Klein A. . 1994. . ‘Trapped in the Traffick: Growing Problems of Drug Consumption in Lagos’. . Journal of Modern African Studies . , Vol. 32((4))
Lambo T A. . 1965. . ‘Medical and social problems of drug addiction in West Africa’. . Bulletin on Narcotics . , Vol. 17:
Lee Renselaer W. . 1995. . ‘Global Reach: The Threat of International Drug Trafficking’. . Current History . , May;: 207––211. .
Levine Harry. . 1979. . ‘The Discovery of Addiction: Changing Conceptions of Habitual Drunkeness in America’. . Journal of Studies on Alcohol . , Vol. 15:: 493––506. .
Lyons Terence and Samatar Ahmet. . 1995. . “‘Somalia’. ”. (Brookings Occasional Papers).
Mauer Marc. . 1990. . Young Black Men and the Criminal Justice System: A Growing National Problem . , New York : : The Lindesmith Centre. .
McCoy Alfredw W. . 1991. . The Politics Of Heroin: CIA Complicity in the Global Drug Trade . New York :
Mohamed Adamu. . 1995. . Special Adviser to the Head of State and Commander‐in Chief on Drugs and Financial Crime, Drug Policy and Money Laundering Documentation . , Abuja : : Federal Government Secretariat. .
Musto D. . 1987. . The American Disease: Origins of Narcotic Control . , Oxford : : OUP. .
Nevadomsky J J. . 1985. . ‘Drug Use among Nigerian University Students: Prevalence of Self‐Reported Use and Attitudes to Use’. . Bulletin on Narcotics . , Vol. 37((2))
NDLEA. . 1997. . “‘Bamayi's Magic Wand’. ”. In A Collection of Major General Musa Bamayi's addresses delivered during three Successive Annual World Press Conferences . Lagos :
Observatoire Geopolitique des Drogues. . 1994. . Etude regionale sur le trafic, la production et la consomtnation des drogues dans les pays d'Afrique de l'Quest . , Paris : : OGD. .
Observatoire Geopolitique des Drogues. . 1997. . The Drug Situation in South Africa . , Paris : : OGD. .
Oloyede G A. . 1996. . Drugs, Man and Society: an introduction to drug abuse education . , Drugs Resources Nigeria : : Ibadan. .
Rubin V. . 1975. . “‘The Ganja Vision’. ”. In Cannabis and Culture . , Edited by: Rubin Vera. . The Hague : : Mouton. .
Thoumi Francisc. . 1994. . Political Economy and Illegal Drugs in Colombia . , Lynne Rienner : : Boulder, Colorado. .
Tullis LaMond. . 1995. . Unintended Consequences: Illegal Drugs and Drug Policies in nine countries . , Lynne Rienner : : London. .
UN. . 1974. . Summary of Reports on Illicit Transactions and Seizures of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances . , Geneva : : UN, Economic and Social Council. .
1993. . “‘United Nations Crime Trends and Criminal Justice Operations at the Regional and Interregional Levels: Results of the Third United nations Survey of Crime Trends, Operations of Criminal Justice Systems and Prevention Strategies’. ”. In United Nations Publications No. E 94.IV: . New York :
UNDCP. . 1994. . Drugs and Development: Discussion Paper for the World Summit for Social Development . , Vienna : : UNDCP. .
1997. . World Drug Report . , Oxford : : OUP. .
1997b. . Annual Field Report . Nigeria:
US Department of State. . 1995. . Bureau of International Narcotic Matters, International Narcotics Control Report . , Washington , DC : : US Government Printing Office. .
Whetton Jim. . 1996. . Illicit Drugs in Developing Countries: A Literature Review . , Swansea : : Centre for Development Studies. .
1996. . Newswatch . , 22 January;

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Adelekan M L. . 1989. . ‘Self‐Reported Drug Use Among Secondary School Students in the Nigerian State of Ogun’. . Bulletin on Narcotics . , Vol. 16((1))

[2] Adelekan M L and Odejide O A. . 1989. . The reliability and validity of the WHO student drug use questionnaires among Nigerian students’. . Drug and Alcohol Dependence . , Vol. 24((3)): 245––249. .

[3] Akyeampong E K. . 1997. . Drink, Power and Cultural Change: A Social History of Alcohol in Modern Ghana . , London : : James Currey. .

[4] Ambler Charles. . 1990. . ‘Alcohol, Racial Segregation and Popular Politics in Northern Rhodesia’. . J.A.H. . , : 295––313. .

[5] Anumonye A, Tongue A and Tongue E. , eds. 1980. . African Seminar on Problems of Drug Dependence. Lagos November 1980 . , Lausanne : : ICAA. .

[6] Asuni T. . 1964. . Socio‐psychiatric problems of cannabis in Nigeria’. . Bulletin of Narcotics . , Vol. 16:

[7] Beckerleg Susan. . 1995. . ‘Brown Sugar or Friday Prayers’. . African Affairs . ,

[8] Borrofka A. . 1966. . ‘Mental Illness and Indian Hemp in Lagos, Nigeria’. . East African Medical Journal . , Vol. 43:

[9] Broad Kenneth and Feinberg Benjamin. . 1995. . ‘Perceptions of Ganja and Cocaine in Urban Jamaica’. . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs . , Vol. 27((3)) Jul‐Sep;

[10] Cheng UWen. . 1961. . Opium in the Straits Settlement 1867–1910’. . Journal of South East Asian History . , Vol. 12((1)): 63––88. .

[11] Constitutional Rights Report. . July 1996‐June 1997. 1996 . Human Rights Practices in Nigeria . July 1996‐June 1997. ,

[12] Dambazau Ab. . 1996. . ‘Broad Spectrum overview of the Consequences of Drug Trafficking and Abuse to a Nation’. . Criminology Series . , Vol. 1((2))

[13] 1997. . ‘A Review of the Effectiveness of the Laws on Drug Abuse in Nigeria’. . Criminology Series . , Vol. 1((3))

[14] Douglas Mary. . 1987. . Constructive Drinking: Perspectives on Drink from Anthropology . , Cambridge : : CUP. .

[15] du Toit Brian. . 1980. . Cannabis in Africa: a survey of its distribution in Africa, and a study of cannabis use and users in multi‐ethnic South Africa . , Rotterdam : : A A Balkema. .

[16] Glass S. . 1997. . ‘Don't you DARE’. . The New Republic . , March 3;

[17] Goldstein P J. . 1985. . ‘The Drugs Violence Nexus: A Tripartite Conceptual Framework’. . Journal of Drug Issues . , Vol. 15((4)): 493––506. .

[18] Grinspoon L. . 1969. . ‘Marijuana’. . Scientific American . , Vol. 22((1)): 12––25. .

[19] Grivas Kleanthis. . 1997. . Drug Prohibition: a tool of domestic and foreign policy . , London : : Minerva Press. .

[20] Joe G W, Chastain R L and Simpson D D. . 1990. . “‘Reasons For Addiction Stages’. ”. In Opiod Addiction and Treatment: A Twelve‐Year Follow‐Up . , Malabar , Florida : : Robert Krieger Publishing Company. .

[21] Kalu A and Osinbajo Y. , eds. 1990. . Narcotics: Law and Policy in Nigeria . , Lagos : : Spectrum Books. .

[22] Kibble S. . 1998. . Drugs and Development in South Africa . , London : : Catholic Institute for International Affairs. .

[23] Kleiman M A. . 1992. . Against Excess: Drug Policy for Results . , New York : : Basic Books. .

[24] Klein A. . 1994. . ‘Trapped in the Traffick: Growing Problems of Drug Consumption in Lagos’. . Journal of Modern African Studies . , Vol. 32((4))

[25] Lambo T A. . 1965. . ‘Medical and social problems of drug addiction in West Africa’. . Bulletin on Narcotics . , Vol. 17:

[26] Lee Renselaer W. . 1995. . ‘Global Reach: The Threat of International Drug Trafficking’. . Current History . , May;: 207––211. .

[27] Levine Harry. . 1979. . ‘The Discovery of Addiction: Changing Conceptions of Habitual Drunkeness in America’. . Journal of Studies on Alcohol . , Vol. 15:: 493––506. .

[28] Lyons Terence and Samatar Ahmet. . 1995. . “‘Somalia’. ”. (Brookings Occasional Papers).

[29] Mauer Marc. . 1990. . Young Black Men and the Criminal Justice System: A Growing National Problem . , New York : : The Lindesmith Centre. .

[30] McCoy Alfredw W. . 1991. . The Politics Of Heroin: CIA Complicity in the Global Drug Trade . New York :

[31] Mohamed Adamu. . 1995. . Special Adviser to the Head of State and Commander‐in Chief on Drugs and Financial Crime, Drug Policy and Money Laundering Documentation . , Abuja : : Federal Government Secretariat. .

[32] Musto D. . 1987. . The American Disease: Origins of Narcotic Control . , Oxford : : OUP. .

[33] Nevadomsky J J. . 1985. . ‘Drug Use among Nigerian University Students: Prevalence of Self‐Reported Use and Attitudes to Use’. . Bulletin on Narcotics . , Vol. 37((2))

[34] NDLEA. . 1997. . “‘Bamayi's Magic Wand’. ”. In A Collection of Major General Musa Bamayi's addresses delivered during three Successive Annual World Press Conferences . Lagos :

[35] Observatoire Geopolitique des Drogues. . 1994. . Etude regionale sur le trafic, la production et la consomtnation des drogues dans les pays d'Afrique de l'Quest . , Paris : : OGD. .

[36] Observatoire Geopolitique des Drogues. . 1997. . The Drug Situation in South Africa . , Paris : : OGD. .

[37] Oloyede G A. . 1996. . Drugs, Man and Society: an introduction to drug abuse education . , Drugs Resources Nigeria : : Ibadan. .

[38] Rubin V. . 1975. . “‘The Ganja Vision’. ”. In Cannabis and Culture . , Edited by: Rubin Vera. . The Hague : : Mouton. .

[39] Thoumi Francisc. . 1994. . Political Economy and Illegal Drugs in Colombia . , Lynne Rienner : : Boulder, Colorado. .

[40] Tullis LaMond. . 1995. . Unintended Consequences: Illegal Drugs and Drug Policies in nine countries . , Lynne Rienner : : London. .

[41] UN. . 1974. . Summary of Reports on Illicit Transactions and Seizures of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances . , Geneva : : UN, Economic and Social Council. .

[42] 1993. . “‘United Nations Crime Trends and Criminal Justice Operations at the Regional and Interregional Levels: Results of the Third United nations Survey of Crime Trends, Operations of Criminal Justice Systems and Prevention Strategies’. ”. In United Nations Publications No. E 94.IV: . New York :

[43] UNDCP. . 1994. . Drugs and Development: Discussion Paper for the World Summit for Social Development . , Vienna : : UNDCP. .

[44] 1997. . World Drug Report . , Oxford : : OUP. .

[45] 1997b. . Annual Field Report . Nigeria:

[46] US Department of State. . 1995. . Bureau of International Narcotic Matters, International Narcotics Control Report . , Washington , DC : : US Government Printing Office. .

[47] Whetton Jim. . 1996. . Illicit Drugs in Developing Countries: A Literature Review . , Swansea : : Centre for Development Studies. .

[48] 1996. . Newswatch . , 22 January;