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Effects of acid mine drainage on clay minerals suspended in the Tinto River (Río Tinto, Spain). An experimental approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

E. Galan ,
M. I. Carretero  and
J . C. Fernandez-Caliani
E. Galan
Affiliation:
Dpto. de Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
M. I. Carretero
Affiliation:
Dpto. de Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
J . C. Fernandez-Caliani
Affiliation:
Dpto. de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, Spain
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Abstract

The Tinto river is one of the most polluted stream environments in the world, as a result of both acid mine drainage and natural acid rock drainage. Two representative samples from the phyllosilicate-rich rocks exposed in the drainage basin (Palaeozoic chlorite-bearing slates and Miocene smectite-rich marls) were treated with acid river water (pH = 2.2) for different times to constrain the effects of extreme hydrogeochemical conditions on clay mineral stability. Illite and kaolinite did not show appreciable variations in their crystal chemistry parameters upon treatment. Chlorite underwent an incipient chemical degradation evidenced by the progressive loss of Fe in octahedral positions coupled with a shortening of the b unit-cell parameter, although no weathering products of chlorite were observed. Smectite and calcite were rapidly and fully dissolved thus neutralizing the water acidity, and subsequently Fe and Al oxy-hydroxides and opaline silica precipitated from the aqueous solution, together with a neoformed amorphous silicate phase largely enriched in Al and Mg.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , March 1999 , pp. 99 - 108
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1999

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