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Microbial reduction of Fe(III) in the Fithian and Muloorina illites: Contrasting extents and rates of bioreduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Jennifer L. Seabaugh ,
Hailiang Dong ,
Ravi K. Kukkadapu ,
Dennis D. Eberl ,
John P. Morton  and
Jinwook Kim
Jennifer L. Seabaugh
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
Hailiang Dong*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
Ravi K. Kukkadapu
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
Dennis D. Eberl
Affiliation:
United States Geological Survey, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
John P. Morton
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
Jinwook Kim
Affiliation:
Naval Research Laboratory, Seafloor Sciences Branch, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: dongh@muohio.edu
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Abstract

Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 reduces Fe(III) within two illites which have different properties: the Fithian bulk fraction and the <0.2 µm fraction of Muloorina. The Fithian illite contained 4.6% (w/w) total Fe, 81% of which was Fe(III). It was dominated by illite with some jarosite (∼32% of the total Fe(III)) and goethite (11% of the total Fe(III)). The Muloorina illite was pure and contained 9.2% Fe, 93% of which was Fe(III). Illite suspensions were buffered at pH 7 and were inoculated with CN32 cells with lactate as the electron donor. Select treatments included anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) as an electron shuttle. Bioproduction of Fe(II) was determined by ferrozine analysis. The unreduced and bioreduced solids were characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The extent of Fe(III) reduction in the bulk Fithian illite was enhanced by the presence of AQDS (73%) with complete reduction of jarosite and goethite and partial reduction of illite. Mössbauer spectroscopy and chemical extraction determined that 21–25% of illite-associated Fe(III) was bioreduced. The extent of bioreduction was less in the absence of AQDS (63%) and only jarosite was completely reduced with partial reduction of goethite and illite. The XRD and TEM data revealed no significant illite dissolution or biogenic minerals, suggesting that illite was reduced in the solid state and biogenic Fe(II) from jarosite and goethite was either released to aqueous solution or adsorbed onto residual solid surfaces. In contrast, only 1% of the structural Fe(III) in Muloorina illite was bioreduced. The difference in the extent and rate of bioreduction between the two illites was probably due to the difference in layer charge and the total structural Fe content between the Fithian illite (0.56 per formula) and Muloorina illite (0.87). There may be other factors contributing to the observed differences, such as expandability, surface area and the arrangements of Fe in the octahedral sheets. The results of this study have important implications for predicting microbe-induced physical and chemical changes of clay minerals in soils and sediments.

Keywords

CN32FithianIlliteMicrobial Fe(III) ReductionMössbauer SpectroscopyMuloorinaShewanella putrefaciens
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 54 , Issue 1 , February 2006 , pp. 67 - 79
Copyright
Copyright © 2006, The Clay Minerals Society

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