ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The Karpatian (late early Miocene) flora of the Mecsek area
1
Botanical Department, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1431 Budapest, P.O. box 137, Hungary
Submission date: 2019-09-09
Online publication date: 2020-06-29
Publication date: 2020-06-29
Acta Palaeobotanica 2020; 60(1): 51-122
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
A rich macroflora has been collected from Karpatian (late early Miocene) layers of the Mecsek
Mts during recent decades. The bulk of the fossil assemblage consists of leaves and also fruits of angiosperms.
Among the more than a hundred taxa, several endemic species were described: Leguminocarpum mecsekense
Andreánszky, Ailanthus mecsekensis Hably, Nyssa gyoergyi sp. nov., Nyssa gergoei sp. nov., Nyssa sp. 1, Clematis
csabae sp. nov., Gordonia sp. and Carpolithes gergoei Hably et Erdei sp. nov. Many taxa were last recorded in
the Carpathian Basin, e.g. Cedrelospermum, Ziziphus. Other taxa appeared in this flora, e.g. Quercus kubinyii,
Podocarpium podocarpum, Liquidambar europaea and Populus populina, and later became dominant in the
middle Miocene (Sarmatian) floras or even in the late Miocene (Pannonian) floras. Four main vegetation types
were determined. The most significant types are subxerophytic vegetation showing high diversity, swamp vegetation,
riparian vegetation, and a vegetation type growing in habitats with higher rainfall. Thermophilous flora
elements are dominant in the assemblage, although “arctotertiary” species also appear. The floristic character
of the flora supports the results of an earlier quantitative climate analysis of the Magyaregregy flora, according
to which mean annual temperature was 15.6–16.6°C and coldest-month and warmest-month temperatures
were 5–6.2°C and 24.7–27.9°C, respectively. Generally the assemblage presented in this paper extends those
climatological findings to the late early Miocene.
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You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
