Effects of different Lasers on the fibrotic tissue

Kidney disease, one of the ten major escalating public health problems, affects nearly 20 million people in the United States. This problem is increasing due to an increased prevalence of diabetes and hypertension which leads to chronic kidney disease or end stage renal failure ultimately leading to hemodialysis or reno-transplantation. The progression to chronic ailment is marked by onset and progression of fibrosis with sustained inflammation, overexpression and deposition of collagen in the extracellular matrix making it inhospitable to recovery. The purpose of this study was to initiate the regeneration of the fibrotic kidney environment with the help of different combinations of low level laser therapy (LLLT) with/without Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) in a mouse model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO). The fibrosis was induced for 3 weeks followed by 4 weeks of treatment and finally kidney explanted for analysis. The treatment regimen included a trilaser therapy with a supplemental monolaser treatment as a second dose with/without weekly once dose of MSCs. Results were determined by dividing all measurements into kidney cortex and medulla. It was demonstrated that the amount of fibrosis reduced with trilaser + supplemental 635nm + MSC treatment, endothelial quantification increased with trilaser + supplemental 532nm treatment and trilaser + supplemental 635nm+MSC, mitochondrial activation increased with trilaser + supplemental 405nm + MSC treatment. The pro-fibrotic cytokine TGF-β reduced when treated with trilaser + supplemental 405nm + MSC however, a significant increase in the amount of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was not observed. The results thus indicate a significant effect on the reversal of fibrosis with trilaser therapy supplemented with 635nm wavelength and MSC.