Outcome of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for DNA-Double Strand Breakage Repair Disorders.
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BACKGROUND: Rare DNA breakage-repair disorders predispose to infection and lympho-reticular malignancies. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is curative but co-administered chemo- or radio-therapy is damaging due to systemic radio-sensitivity. We collected HCT outcome data for Nijmegen Breakage syndrome (NBS), DNA ligase IV deficiency (LIG4), Cernunnos-XLF deficiency and ataxia-telangiectasia. METHODS: Data from 38 centres worldwide, including indication, donor, conditioning regimen, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and outcome were analyzed. Conditioning was classified as myeloablative (MAC) if it contained radiotherapy or alkylators and reduced intensity (RIC) if no alkylators and/or fludarabine ≤150 mg/m(2) and cyclophosphamide ≤ 40 mg/kg were used. RESULTS: 55 new, 14 updated and 18 previously published patients were analyzed. Median age at HCT was 48 (range 1.5 - 552) months. 29 were transplanted for infection, 21 malignancy, 13 bone marrow failure, 13 pre-emptively, 5 had multiple indications, and 6 had no information. 22 received MAC, 59 RIC, 4 were infused;- information unavailable for 2. 73/77 patients with LIG4, Cernunnos-XLF deficiency or NBS received conditioning. Survival was 53/77 (69%), worse for MAC than RIC (p=0.006). Most deaths occurred early post-transplant suggesting poor tolerance of conditioning. Survival in ataxia-telangiectasia patients was 25%. 41/83 patients experienced aGvHD (49%): less in RIC compared to MAC, 26/56 (46%) vs 12/21 (57%) (p=0.45). Median follow-up was 35 (range 2-168) months. No secondary malignancies were reported during 15 years follow-up. Growth and developmental delay remained post-HCT; immune-mediated complications resolved. CONCLUSION: RIC-HCT resolves DNA repair disorder-associated immunodeficiency. Long-term follow-up is required for secondary malignancy surveillance. Routine HCT for ataxia-telangiectasia is not recommended.
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Slack, James, Michael H Albert, Dmitry Balashov, Bernd H Belohradsky, Alice Bertaina, Jack Bleesing, Claire Booth, Jochen Buechner, et al. (2017). Outcome of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for DNA-Double Strand Breakage Repair Disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.02.036 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/14232.
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Rebecca Hatcher Buckley
The overall emphasis of Dr. Buckley's research is in human T,B and NK cell development and in aberrations in their development and regulation. The work involves three particular areas of investigation: 1) the cellular and molecular bases of genetically-determined human immunodeficiency diseases, 2) the use of bone marrow stem cells to cure genetically-determined immunodeficiency diseases, and 3) the use of human SCID bone marrow stem cell chimeras to study human thymic education, T and B cell ontogeny, tolerance induction and MHC restriction mechanisms. Methodology includes monoclonal antibody (mAb) analyses of lymphocyte phenotypes, a variety of T cell and natural killer (NK) cell functional assays, studies of thymic output by T cell receptor recombination excision circle measurement, studies of T cell diversity by spectratyping, studies of T cell longevity by telomere analysis and assessment of B cell differentiation and function. A unique resource available for her studies is the largest population of patients with genetically-determined immunodeficiency diseases in the U.S., which includes the largest population in the world of longterm SCID chimeras treated at a single center, some of whom have been studied and followed for more than 37 years. The administration of rigorously T cell depleted haploidentical bone marrow stem cells to SCID recipients without pre-transplant conditioning or post-transplant use of immunosuppressive drugs to prevent GVHD provides an unmanipulated system for studying human thymic education, T and B cell ontogeny, MHC restriction mechanisms and tolerance induction. Studies to identify mutations in patients with primary immunodeficiency are continuing, particularly in those with SCID.
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