Outcomes of colorectal anastomoses during pelvic exenteration for gynaecological malignancy

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although pelvic exenteration is frequently indicated during surgery for gynaecological malignancy, performing a colorectal anastomosis remains contentious because of concern about leakage. This study evaluated the safety of performing a low colorectal anastomosis during pelvic exenteration for gynaecological malignancy. METHODS: Between April 2001 and December 2006, 145 consecutive patients underwent low colorectal anastomosis without (122) or with (23) a stoma after pelvic exenteration for advanced primary or recurrent gynaecological malignancy. Subjects were assessed in terms of five patient-, four disease- and two surgery-related variables. The proportion of patients with each risk factor for leakage was found, and the rate of symptomatic anastomotic leakage was determined. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 53.5 (range 10-77) years and the most common diagnosis was ovarian cancer (77.9 per cent). The mean operating time was 453 (range 145-845) min and the mean blood loss was 1080 (range 110-10 500) ml; 95 patients (65.5 per cent) required a blood transfusion. Of the 145 patients, 81 (55.9 per cent) had patient-related, 94 (64.8 per cent) had disease-related and 67 (46.2 per cent) had surgery-related variables associated with a risk of leakage. Symptomatic anastomotic leakage developed in three patients (2.1 per cent). CONCLUSION: Although patients with gynaecological malignancy carry considerable risks associated with anastomotic leakage, carefully executed low colorectal anastomosis during pelvic exenteration was found to be safe.