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Signalling Towards IRES

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Date

2011

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Publisher

Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa

Abstract

XIAP and Bcl-xL are critical anti-apoptotic molecules that directly inhibit caspases and block mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, respectively. In addition to preventing apoptosis, both XIAP and Bcl-xL can be generated by cap-independent translation via the utilization of an IRES in the 5'-UTR of their mRNAs. In recent years it has been shown that activation of S6K2 induces the translational upregulation of these two apoptotic regulators. Here I have determined that activation of S6K2 enhances IRES-mediated translation of XIAP and Bcl-xL by inducing the degradation of PDCD4, which I have identified as a novel regulator of XIAP and Bcl-xL IRES elements. Furthermore, I have shown that PDCD4 is a positive modulator of the Apaf-1 IRES element. The concurrent regulation of XIAP, Bcl-xL and Apaf-1 by PDCD4 suggests a model in which the level of PDCD4 expression alters the apoptotic threshold by specifically impacting IRES-mediated translation of the XIAP, Bcl-xL and Apaf-1 mRNAs.

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Keywords

XIAP, Bcl-xL, PDCD4, Apaf-1, IRES, S6K2, translation, apoptosis

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