Light technology for efficient and effective photodynamic therapy: A critical review
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Algorri Genaro, José Francisco; Ochoa Gómez, Mario; Roldán Varona, Pablo; Rodríguez Cobo, Luis; López Higuera, José MiguelFecha
2021-07-13Derechos
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution(CC BY) license.
Publicado en
Cancers, 2021, 13(14), 3484
Editorial
MDPI
Palabras clave
Photodynamic therapy
Cancer
Lasers
Optical devices
Resumen/Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment with strong potential over well-established standard therapies in certain cases. Non-ionising radiation, localisation, possible repeated treatments, and stimulation of immunological response are some of the main beneficial features of PDT. Despite the great potential, its application remains challenging. Limited light penetration depth, non-ideal photosensitisers, complex dosimetry, and complicated implementations in the clinic are some limiting factors hindering the extended use of PDT. To surpass actual technological paradigms, radically new sources, light-based devices, advanced photosensitisers, measurement devices, and innovative application strategies are under extensive investigation. The main aim of this review is to highlight the advantages/pitfalls, technical challenges and opportunities of PDT, with a focus on technologies for light activation of photosensitisers, such as light sources, delivery devices, and systems. In this vein, a broad overview of the current status of superficial, interstitial, and deep PDT modalities - and a critical review of light sources and their effects on the PDT process - are presented. Insight into the technical advancements and remaining challenges of optical sources and light devices is provided from a physical and bioengineering perspective.
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