Ánalise espacial dos casos de Aedes aegypti e sua relação com o meio ambiente urbano
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Data
2016-08-29
Autores
Ferreira, Helio Henrique [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O controle dos vetores do mosquito Aedes aegypti apresenta como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no mundo representado por duas vertentes importantes como o cuidado com o meio ambiente e pelo investimento em ciência. A preocupação com o meio ambiente é uma das maneiras mais eficazes de conter a reprodução do mosquito Aedes aegypti que, segundo Organização Mundial da Saúde, infecta cerca de 100 milhões de pessoas por ano. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal analisar a distribuição espacial dos casos de dengue confirmados autóctones e importados, bem como dos recipientes de larvas do mosquito no município de Itu, São Paulo no período de 2005 a 2014. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa junto à Vigilância Epidemiológico da área de estudo para obtenção dos dados, acompanhada de pesquisa bibliográfica e trabalho de campo. Os dados foram tratados por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise estatística exploratória. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma crescente alta de casos e de incidência ao longo dos anos estudados da faixa de 10 anos, sendo que os casos autóctones se sobrepõe em termos de ocorrência aos importados em 88 %. Além disso, foi possível verificar uma distribuição espacial com maiores ocorrências nas regiões centrais da área urbana do município estudado, apresentando as maiores concentrações nos anos de 2007, 2009, 20011 e 2013 do total analisado, com distribuição tendendo para a direção sudeste-noroeste da área de estudo. Diante destas constatações é possível afirmar que a alta urbanização afeta diretamente o ambiente propiciando o aumento ponderal de casos confirmados de dengue na área de estudo, sendo que a elaboração de informações relacionadas a distribuição da população e locais de ocorrência de larvas e consequentemente dos mosquitos poderão contribuir de forma mais efetiva com o entendimento da epidemiologia da dengue na área de estudo.
The control of the vectors of the mosquito Aedes aegypti presents as one of the main problems of public health in the world acted by two important slopes as the care with the environment and for the investment in science. The concern with the environment is one in the most effective ways of containing the reproduction of the mosquito Aedes aegypti that, second World Organization of the Health, infects about 100 million people a year. This research had as main objective to analyze the space distribution of the cases of primness confirmed autochthonous and mattered, as well as of the containers of larvas of the mosquito in the municipal district of Itu, São Paulo in the period of 2005 the 2014. For the development of the work a research was accomplished the Surveillance Epidemic of the study area close to for obtaining of the data, accompanied of bibliographical research and field work. The data were treated through geoprocessamento techniques and exploratory statistical analysis. The obtained results demonstrated a crescent high of cases and of incidence along the studied years of the 10 year-old strip, and the autochthonous cases are put upon in occurrence terms to the mattered in 88%. Besides, it was possible to verify a space distribution with larger occurrences in the central areas of the urban area of the studied municipal district, presenting the largest concentrations in the years of 2007, 2009, 20011 and 2013 of the analyzed total, with distribution tending for the southeast-northwest direction of the study area. Due to these verifications it is possible to affirm that the high urbanization affects the atmosphere directly propitiating the increase ponderal of confirmed cases of primness in the study area, and the elaboration of related information the distribution of the population and places of occurrence of larvas and consequently of the mosquitos they can contribute in a more effective way with the understanding of the epidemiology of the primness in the study area.
The control of the vectors of the mosquito Aedes aegypti presents as one of the main problems of public health in the world acted by two important slopes as the care with the environment and for the investment in science. The concern with the environment is one in the most effective ways of containing the reproduction of the mosquito Aedes aegypti that, second World Organization of the Health, infects about 100 million people a year. This research had as main objective to analyze the space distribution of the cases of primness confirmed autochthonous and mattered, as well as of the containers of larvas of the mosquito in the municipal district of Itu, São Paulo in the period of 2005 the 2014. For the development of the work a research was accomplished the Surveillance Epidemic of the study area close to for obtaining of the data, accompanied of bibliographical research and field work. The data were treated through geoprocessamento techniques and exploratory statistical analysis. The obtained results demonstrated a crescent high of cases and of incidence along the studied years of the 10 year-old strip, and the autochthonous cases are put upon in occurrence terms to the mattered in 88%. Besides, it was possible to verify a space distribution with larger occurrences in the central areas of the urban area of the studied municipal district, presenting the largest concentrations in the years of 2007, 2009, 20011 and 2013 of the analyzed total, with distribution tending for the southeast-northwest direction of the study area. Due to these verifications it is possible to affirm that the high urbanization affects the atmosphere directly propitiating the increase ponderal of confirmed cases of primness in the study area, and the elaboration of related information the distribution of the population and places of occurrence of larvas and consequently of the mosquitos they can contribute in a more effective way with the understanding of the epidemiology of the primness in the study area.
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Palavras-chave
Análise espacial, Dengue, Aedes aegypti, Spatial analysis