Prevalência de Staphylococcus spp. resistente a meticilina (mrs) em equinos no ambiente hospitalar e humanos contactantes
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Data
2016-12-16
Autores
Olivo, Giovane [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Staphylococcus spp. causam várias enfermidades em humanos e animais. O crescente desenvolvimento de resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos convencionais dificulta o tratamento das infecções por esses micro-organismos, e é considerado problema de saúde humana e animal. Foi investigada a frequência e distribuição de clones de Staphylococcus spp. resistentes a meticilina (MRS) em equinos hospitalizados e profissionais da área (médicos veterinários e funcionários), bem como avaliar possível transmissão interespécies. Foram colhidas 131 amostras de suabe nasal de equinos e 35 de humanos, cultivados em ágar de ovo-telurite-glicina-piruvato (BD Baird-Parker Agar®). Os micro-organismos foram submetidos à coloração de Gram, identificação por provas bioquímicas e métodos genotípicos (PCR) e ITS-PCR para caracterização das espécies. A sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foi determinada pelo método de concentração inibitória mínima (MIC). O perfil clonal e identificação da estirpe dos Staphylococcus spp. foi caracterizado por Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado (PFGE) e pelo Multilocus sequence Typing (MLST). O gênero Staphylococcus foi isolado em 17,5% (23/131) dos equinos, dos quais, 8,4% (11/131) foram identificados como S. hyicus, 3,8% (5/131) S. aureus, 3,8% (5/131) S. pseudintermedius e 1,5% (2/131) S. schleiferi. Foi detectado o gene mecA em um isolado de S. pseudintermedius. Nos 35 humanos amostrados, foram identificados 40% (14/35) de S. aureus. A tipagem molecular por PFGE possibilitou identificar similaridade clonal (C1) dos isolados de S. aureus, obtido de duas pessoas da área Clínica Cirúrgica de Grandes Animais (CCGA) e uma da área de Reprodução de Grandes Animais (RGA). Foi possível observar similaridade entre os dois isolados de humanos da CCGA (C2), bem como entre as duas estirpes de departamentos distintos (CCGA e RGA – C5). Entre os isolados de S. aureus obtidas de equinos, obteve-se similaridade clonal entre os estafilococos provindos da RGA e Clínica de Grandes Animais (CGA) (C3), e de pacientes da CCGA (C4). Em quatro isolados foi identificado ST398, com similaridade clonal de 98,1% entre um estafilococo de equino e o de humano. Foi observado maior frequência de isolados de S. hyicus em equinos e S. aureus em humanos. O gene mecA foi detectado exclusivamente em S. pseudintermedius origem equina. A similaridade clonal foi atribuída entre isolados de S. aureus e S. hyicus de equinos, S. aureus de humanos, bem como entre as duas espécies estudadas, tendo como principais fatores de risco, o tempo de internação e o contato direto entre as espécies.
Staphylococcus spp. is a primary agent of a wide variety of infections in humans and animals. The increasing of bacterial resistance of this microorganism to conventional antimicrobial difficults the treatment of infections and is considered a problem in human and animal health problem. The aim of this research was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of Staphylococcus spp. resistant (MRS) and clones of staphylococci in hospitalized horses and professionals with some contact of animals (veterinarians and medical staff), and evaluate the possibility of interspecies transmission. One hundred thirty-one samples were taken from nasal swabs of horses and 35 humans, subjected to agar egg-glycine-tellurite-pyruvate (BD Baird-Parker Agar®). The isolates were submitted to Gram staining and conventional biochemical tests (catalase, coagulase, maltose, trehalose and mannitol) to phenotypic characterization of the species. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The profile of clonal and strain characterization of Staphylococcus spp. was realized by Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multilocus sequence Typing (MLST). Staphylococcus genus was isolated in 17.5% (23/131) of horses, of which 8.4% (11/131) were S. hyicus, 3.8% (5/131) S. aureus, 3,8% (5/131) S. pseudintermedius and 1,5% (2/131) of the S. schleiferi. mecA gene was detected in one isolate of S. pseudintermedius (resistant to oxacillin). For the 35 humans sample was identified S. aureus in 40% (14/35). Molecular typing by PFGE identified a cluster (C1) of the S. aureus, obtained from strains of Large Animal Surgery Service (CCGA) and a Large Animal Breeding Service (RGA). It was observed similarity between two human isolates from CCGA (C2), and between two strains of different services (CCGA and RGA - C5). Among the samples of S. aureus obtained from horses, it was similarity between clonal isolates from the RGA and Large Animal Internal Medicine (CGA) (C3), and patients from CCGA (C4). Four strains was identified as ST398, among them, clonal similarity of 98.1% between equine and human strais. Higher frequency of S. hyicus was observed among horses and S. aureus from humans. The mecA gene was identified exclusively in S. pseudintermedius (horses). The clonal similarity was attributed between all samples and species studied, had the same risk factors, the length of stay and direct contact between the species.
Staphylococcus spp. is a primary agent of a wide variety of infections in humans and animals. The increasing of bacterial resistance of this microorganism to conventional antimicrobial difficults the treatment of infections and is considered a problem in human and animal health problem. The aim of this research was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of Staphylococcus spp. resistant (MRS) and clones of staphylococci in hospitalized horses and professionals with some contact of animals (veterinarians and medical staff), and evaluate the possibility of interspecies transmission. One hundred thirty-one samples were taken from nasal swabs of horses and 35 humans, subjected to agar egg-glycine-tellurite-pyruvate (BD Baird-Parker Agar®). The isolates were submitted to Gram staining and conventional biochemical tests (catalase, coagulase, maltose, trehalose and mannitol) to phenotypic characterization of the species. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The profile of clonal and strain characterization of Staphylococcus spp. was realized by Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multilocus sequence Typing (MLST). Staphylococcus genus was isolated in 17.5% (23/131) of horses, of which 8.4% (11/131) were S. hyicus, 3.8% (5/131) S. aureus, 3,8% (5/131) S. pseudintermedius and 1,5% (2/131) of the S. schleiferi. mecA gene was detected in one isolate of S. pseudintermedius (resistant to oxacillin). For the 35 humans sample was identified S. aureus in 40% (14/35). Molecular typing by PFGE identified a cluster (C1) of the S. aureus, obtained from strains of Large Animal Surgery Service (CCGA) and a Large Animal Breeding Service (RGA). It was observed similarity between two human isolates from CCGA (C2), and between two strains of different services (CCGA and RGA - C5). Among the samples of S. aureus obtained from horses, it was similarity between clonal isolates from the RGA and Large Animal Internal Medicine (CGA) (C3), and patients from CCGA (C4). Four strains was identified as ST398, among them, clonal similarity of 98.1% between equine and human strais. Higher frequency of S. hyicus was observed among horses and S. aureus from humans. The mecA gene was identified exclusively in S. pseudintermedius (horses). The clonal similarity was attributed between all samples and species studied, had the same risk factors, the length of stay and direct contact between the species.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
ST398, Colonização, Equino, Humano, Meticilina resistente