Espaço e sujeito, narrativa e identidade: Relato de um certo Oriente e Um solitário à espreita, de Milton Hatoum
Data
2018-04-24
Autores
Guerra, Manoelle Gabrielle [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho tem por objetivo problematizar a representação de Manaus no primeiro romance de Milton Hatoum, Relato de um certo Oriente, publicado em 1989, e em seu conjunto de crônicas Um solitário à espreita, lançado em 2013, observando de que forma o espaço da cidade está atrelado a uma memória individual dos sujeitos que a narram, e a uma possível memória coletiva, que diz respeito aos diferentes habitantes que a ocupam. A hipótese que fundamenta esta discussão é a de que o espaço da cidade é representado na obra do autor por meio de diferentes vozes, cada uma atrelada a determinadas esferas sociais, delimitando, a cada narrativa, traços urbanos que fazem parte de um quadro maior, por meio do qual é possível recuperar a história de Manaus, seus processos de modernização, e também a composição de sua população. Nesse contexto, o conjunto de crônicas possibilitou uma análise que se ateve ao modo como esse processo de transformação do espaço urbano ocorreu, delimitando por meio dos passos das diferentes personagens um trajeto pelas ruas da cidade. Evidenciam-se, nessa primeira etapa, as glórias e derrocadas de uma capital cuja modernização afetou muito seus habitantes, e estabelece-se, assim, uma crítica ao desenvolvimentismo. Em um segundo momento, a análise de Relato de um certo Oriente proporciona a entrada em uma nova face da história de Manaus, atrelada aos processos migratórios. A narrativa ancorada no seio de uma família libanesa delimita no universo da casa uma contraposição ao espaço da cidade, gerando dois mundos com hábitos e vivências conflitantes. Tem-se, assim, a memória de um dos grupos sociais que compõem a população manauara, e a representação de seus espaços privados proporciona à discussão inicial a possibilidade de entrever a relação das diversas comunidades que se estabeleceram na cidade com o espaço que ocupam. A comparação entre o modo de representação demarcado por cada conjunto narrativo se dá por meio das identidades que se constituem nesses espaços e de que forma a cidade se constrói a partir dessas esferas sociais que a habitam.
This work aims to discuss the representation of Manaus inside the Milton Hatoum’s first novel, Relato de um certo Oriente, published in 1989, as well as his compilation of chronicles Um solitário à espreita, released in 2013, examining how the city’s space is related to an individual memory belonging to the subjects who narrates it; and also related to a possible collective memory concerning the distinct residents who live in this city. The hypothesis that set up this discussion highlights the space of the city is represented in this author’s opus by different narrative voices, each one related to some particular social spheres, restricting in each narrative urban traces which take part in a greater frame. Departing from that idea, it is possible to recover the whole history of Manaus, its process of urbanization and also the arrangement of its population. In this context, the chronicles set enabled an analysis restricted to the way how such process of transformation of urban space occurred, limiting a kind of route through the streets of the city through the steps of different characters. In this first part of the work, all the glories and downs of a metropolis whose modernization had affected many of the residents are evident. Moreover, this discussion establishes a strong critic to the developmentalism. In a posterior moment, the analysis of Relato de um certo Oriente enables the access of another part of Manaus’ history regarding the migratory process. The narrative, which is stated inside a Lebanese family, bounds the house’s universe in opposition to the space of the city, creating two different worlds with conflicting habits and experiences. Consequently, there is in this narrative a memory which belongs to one of the social group who composes the manauara population. In addition, the representation of their private spaces allows us to discuss the possibility of seeing indistinctly how the many communities which occupy the city are related to this space. The method of representation developed by each narrative set can be compared by the identities which are constructed departing from each space, public or private, and the way how the city is built from the social spheres located in Manaus
This work aims to discuss the representation of Manaus inside the Milton Hatoum’s first novel, Relato de um certo Oriente, published in 1989, as well as his compilation of chronicles Um solitário à espreita, released in 2013, examining how the city’s space is related to an individual memory belonging to the subjects who narrates it; and also related to a possible collective memory concerning the distinct residents who live in this city. The hypothesis that set up this discussion highlights the space of the city is represented in this author’s opus by different narrative voices, each one related to some particular social spheres, restricting in each narrative urban traces which take part in a greater frame. Departing from that idea, it is possible to recover the whole history of Manaus, its process of urbanization and also the arrangement of its population. In this context, the chronicles set enabled an analysis restricted to the way how such process of transformation of urban space occurred, limiting a kind of route through the streets of the city through the steps of different characters. In this first part of the work, all the glories and downs of a metropolis whose modernization had affected many of the residents are evident. Moreover, this discussion establishes a strong critic to the developmentalism. In a posterior moment, the analysis of Relato de um certo Oriente enables the access of another part of Manaus’ history regarding the migratory process. The narrative, which is stated inside a Lebanese family, bounds the house’s universe in opposition to the space of the city, creating two different worlds with conflicting habits and experiences. Consequently, there is in this narrative a memory which belongs to one of the social group who composes the manauara population. In addition, the representation of their private spaces allows us to discuss the possibility of seeing indistinctly how the many communities which occupy the city are related to this space. The method of representation developed by each narrative set can be compared by the identities which are constructed departing from each space, public or private, and the way how the city is built from the social spheres located in Manaus
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milton Hatoum, Relato de um certo Oriente, Um solitário à espreita, Manaus, Espaço, Space