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Limited temperature response to the very large AD 1258 volcanic eruption

MPS-Authors
/persons/resource/persons37356

Timmreck,  C.
The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
Middle and Upper Atmosphere, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37249

Lorenz,  S.
The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
Numerical Model Development and Data Assimilation, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37202

Kinne,  S.
The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
Observations and Process Studies, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37299

Raddatz,  T.
The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
Global Vegetation Modelling, The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37355

Thomas,  A. M.
IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37193

Jungclaus,  J.       
The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
Director’s Research Group OES, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

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2009GL040083.pdf
(Publisher version), 228KB

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Citation

Timmreck, C., Lorenz, S., Crowley, T. J., Kinne, S., Raddatz, T., Thomas, A. M., et al. (2009). Limited temperature response to the very large AD 1258 volcanic eruption. Geophysical Research Letters, 36: L21708. doi:10.1029/2009GL040083.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0011-F8A3-9
Abstract
The large AD 1258 eruption had a stratospheric sulfate load approximately ten times greater than the 1991 Pinatubo eruption. Yet surface cooling was not substantially larger than for Pinatubo (~0.4 K). We apply a comprehensive Earth System Model to demonstrate that the size of the aerosol particles needs to be included in simulations, especially to explain the climate response to large eruptions. The temperature response weakens because increased density of particles increases collision rate and therefore aerosol growth. Only aerosol particle sizes substantially larger than observed after the Pinatubo eruption yield temperature changes consistent with terrestrial Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstructions. These results challenge an oft-held assumption of volcanic impacts not only with respect to the immediate or longer-term temperature response, but also any ecosystem response, including extinctions.