Editor - Profile:local/SESSION.Profile.xml 2008-04-23 https://hdl.handle.net/1839/00-0000-0000-0009-5E7C-E clarin.eu:cr1:p_1407745712035 Leiden Archives : South America : Mawayana
Resource https://hdl.handle.net/1839/00-0000-0000-0009-5E7D-C LandingPage https://archive.mpi.nl/islandora/object/tla%3A1839_00_0000_0000_0009_5E7C_E# NAME:imdi2cmdi.xslt DATE:2016-09-09T16:14:26.001+02:00. Woman Woman Unspecified History of the Mawayana: The Mawayana (literally: 'Frog People') are a small Arawakan group who live in the southern Guianas, in the frontier corner of Brazil, Guyana, and Suriname, and whose language is closely related to Wapishana. Since the Mawayana are generally subsumed under the term Waiwai it is not known how many ethnic Mawayana there are, except for the community in Suriname where almost 100 people claim Mawayana ethnicity. Since the first definite reference to the Mawayana in the literature in 1841, however, the history of the Mawayana has been intertwined with and has run parallel to that of consecutively the Taruma group on the one hand, and on the other hand, the Waiwai groups within which Mawayana is now included. In view of the complex history of shuffling and re-shuffling identities and ethnicities which was characteristic of the southern Guianas regions, the ethnic term Waiwai is now used to refer to a conglomeration of ethnic groups, namely the Parukoto, Shereo, Tunayana, Katuena, Karafawyana, Mawayana, and Taruma. Taruma is an unclassified language. The Mawayana themselves are made up of smaller ethnic groups, namely the Jiwiyana and Buuyana; there is nothing to be found in the literature on either of these two groups. Mawayana Language: Mawayana belongs to the Arawakan language family. It is polysynthetic, has head marking, is mainly suffixal but also has prefixes for the person markers on the main word classes noun, verb and postposition. Mawayana has an attributive marker k(a)- and a privative prefix ma-, mï-., both of which are pan-Arawakan features. The suffixes are mostly derivational; feminine gender is also marked by means of the suffix –ru but is not productive. Transitive verbs take prefixes to mark the A argument and suffixes to mark the O argument. Intransitive verbs generally, but not always, mark the S by means of a suffix. In addition, the S/O markers are cliticized to the verbal negation and conditional markers ma- and a- respectively. In 2007 the Mawayana language is spoken by 3 people, Japoma, Saana and Mauwiya. Recordings: the recordings were made by Eithne B. Carlin. Initially Trio (Cariban) was used as a lingua franca, and all Mawayana data were translated into Trio. Japoma was the narrator and both his wife Saana and Japoma’s brother Mauwiya helped with the translations. South-America Suriname
Kwamalasamutu
Giving Them Back Their Languages Documentation of Wayana Under the auspices of an NWO project: 355-70-015 Dr. Eithne Carlin E.B.Carlin@let.leidenuniv.nl Leiden University The NWO Endangered Languages Programme “Giving them back their Languages: The endangered Amerindian languages of the Guianas” research falls within the aim of documenting all the highly endangered Amerindian languages of the Guianas that is currently being carried out at Leiden University, and which has until now focussed on Trio (Cariban), Mawayana (Arawakan), and Kari’na (Cariban), as they are spoken in Suriname. Ongoing work also includes Wapishana (Arawakan) and Taruma (isolate) in Guyana. The two languages chosen for the present project are Wayana and Tunayana-Waiwai (both Cariban) which are spoken in the southern rainforest of Suriname, French Guiana, Guyana and Brazil. The researchers will focus mainly but not exclusively on these groups resident in Suriname since it is there that these languages are found to be relatively conservative compared to the varieties spoken in the other countries. Tunayana-Waiwai is spoken by approximately 150 people in Suriname. The Wayana speakers in Suriname number approximately 400. Previous and ongoing research has shown that these Cariban and Arawakan languages of the Guianas exhibit features that have been hitherto undescribed or analyzed, that can enhance our understanding of the complexities of the language-culture interface, and how such cognitive structures within these languages can develop and grammaticalize. The languages of the Guianas constitute an as yet untapped source of knowledge for those studying emergent grammar and grammaticalization processes, as well as ethnolinguistics. The primary aim of the programme is to write two comprehensive grammars of Wayana and Tunayana-Waiwai. In particular, full grammatical descriptions of these languages are required for the programmatic focus of the project which aims to look in detail at certain aspects of the languages that have cultural import, namely the semantic and pragmatic domains pertinent to the worldview of the speakers. The culturally-dependent conceptualization patterns that obtain in these languages include classificatory patterns in the locative and directional postpositions, evidentiality patterns, and truth-tracking devices. While a lot of attention has been paid in the anthropological literature to the worldviews of Amazonian peoples, whereby one commonality is the transformational world in which they live - that is, these peoples live in constant interaction with the omnipresent (invisible) spirit world - little attention has been paid to the differing structures through which this commonality is expressed, be these ethnographic or linguistic in nature. In previous and ongoing work on related languages of these two language families, a number of grammatical morphemes (clitics, suffixes and modal particles) have come to light that in their basic meaning are used to chart interactions between "this world", that is, the world of humans, and the "other-world", that is, the world of spirits, both of which are intertwined. Concomitant with such grammatical markers, one finds a number of categories that can best be subsumed under the term "truth and knowledge markers" that include a frustrative marker, assertion markers, and markers which are used to assign responsibility to an actant. It is such complex categories of grammatical marking that are difficult to grasp unless one takes into account the worldview according to which the speakers live. In the Cariban languages, for example, one finds a marker –me (-pe), often translated as 'being' or 'as' in the literature and termed facsimile marker in Carlin (2004) that is used on nominals to mark that the denotee of that nominal is manifestly but not inherently that which is denoted by that nominal, that is, it is seemingly but not intrinsically so, as shown in the Trio example below. Here the speaker is talking about an adopted daughter: without the –me marked on j-eemi, the speaker is referring to his biological daughter. j-eemi-me nai mëe 1poss-daughter-facs she.is 3pr.anim.prox she is my daughter (but not biologically so) What such examples as that given above show is that it is obligatory for the speakers of these languages to mark different kinds of truths, that is, actual truths and apparent truths, or truths that are transient but not absolute. The researchers aim to chart systematically the linguistic processes and means for the construction of possible worlds and the ensuing knowledge of those worlds, with as a point of departure “the reality of a multiplicity of knowledges or versions of the world” (Overing 1990:603). Oral Traditions People story Unspecified non-interactive planned non-elicited Unspecified Monologue Face to Face Mawayana Language: Mawayana belongs to the Arawakan language family. It is polysynthetic, has head marking, is mainly suffixal but also has prefixes for the person markers on the main word classes noun, verb and postposition. Mawayana has an attributive marker k(a)- and a privative prefix ma-, mï-., both of which are pan-Arawakan features. The suffixes are mostly derivational; feminine gender is also marked by means of the suffix –ru but is not productive. Transitive verbs take prefixes to mark the A argument and suffixes to mark the O argument. Intransitive verbs generally, but not always, mark the S by means of a suffix. In addition, the S/O markers are cliticized to the verbal negation and conditional markers ma- and a- respectively. In 2007 the Mawayana language is spoken by 3 people, Japoma, Saana and Mauwiya. ISO639-3:mgh Mawayana Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Mawayana Language: Mawayana belongs to the Arawakan language family. It is polysynthetic, has head marking, is mainly suffixal but also has prefixes for the person markers on the main word classes noun, verb and postposition. Mawayana has an attributive marker k(a)- and a privative prefix ma-, mï-., both of which are pan-Arawakan features. The suffixes are mostly derivational; feminine gender is also marked by means of the suffix –ru but is not productive. Transitive verbs take prefixes to mark the A argument and suffixes to mark the O argument. Intransitive verbs generally, but not always, mark the S by means of a suffix. In addition, the S/O markers are cliticized to the verbal negation and conditional markers ma- and a- respectively. In 2007 the Mawayana language is spoken by 3 people, Japoma, Saana and Mauwiya. ISO639-3:aup Tirio Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Recordings: the recordings were made by Eithne B. Carlin. Initially Trio (Cariban) was used as a lingua franca, and all Mawayana data were translated into Trio. Japoma was the narrator and both his wife Saana and Japoma’s brother Mauwiya helped with the translations. Researcher Eithne Dr. Eithne Carlin Unspecified Unspecified Female Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Dr. Eithne Carlin e.b.carlin@let.leidenuniv.nl Leiden University ISO639-3:mgh Mawayana Unspecified Unspecified Mawayana Language: Mawayana belongs to the Arawakan language family. It is polysynthetic, has head marking, is mainly suffixal but also has prefixes for the person markers on the main word classes noun, verb and postposition. Mawayana has an attributive marker k(a)- and a privative prefix ma-, mï-., both of which are pan-Arawakan features. The suffixes are mostly derivational; feminine gender is also marked by means of the suffix –ru but is not productive. Transitive verbs take prefixes to mark the A argument and suffixes to mark the O argument. Intransitive verbs generally, but not always, mark the S by means of a suffix. In addition, the S/O markers are cliticized to the verbal negation and conditional markers ma- and a- respectively. In 2007 the Mawayana language is spoken by 3 people, Japoma, Saana and Mauwiya. ISO639-3:aup Tirio Unspecified Unspecified ISO639-3:eng English true Unspecified ISO639-3:nld Dutch Unspecified Unspecified Narrator Japoma Japoma Unspecified Mawayana Unspecified Male Unspecified Unspecified 81 Actors: Japoma, male, storyteller. Japoma was one of the first indigenous missionaries in the south of Suriname. As a church leader, and as a man who has intensive knowledge of history and culture, he has high standing in the community, both among the Trio and the Mawayana. In 2007 he is approximately 81 years of age. His wife’s name is Saana, his younger brother, Mauwiya, is approximately 70 years of age. ISO639-3:mgh Mawayana Unspecified Unspecified Mawayana Language: Mawayana belongs to the Arawakan language family. It is polysynthetic, has head marking, is mainly suffixal but also has prefixes for the person markers on the main word classes noun, verb and postposition. Mawayana has an attributive marker k(a)- and a privative prefix ma-, mï-., both of which are pan-Arawakan features. The suffixes are mostly derivational; feminine gender is also marked by means of the suffix –ru but is not productive. Transitive verbs take prefixes to mark the A argument and suffixes to mark the O argument. Intransitive verbs generally, but not always, mark the S by means of a suffix. In addition, the S/O markers are cliticized to the verbal negation and conditional markers ma- and a- respectively. In 2007 the Mawayana language is spoken by 3 people, Japoma, Saana and Mauwiya. ISO639-3:aup Tirio Unspecified Unspecified audio audio/x-wav Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified