Milletlerarası tahkim ve COVID-19: Salgının etkilerinin azaltılması amacıyla olası önlemlere ilişkin ICC rehberi
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Kafalı, Ömer Faruk
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İbn Haldun Üniversitesi Yayınları
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
COVID-19 salgını herkesi ve her kesimi sarsmış ve olumsuz etkilemiştir. On yıllar içerisinde sınır aşırı hale gelen tahkimin, salgın nedeniyle konulan seyahat kısıtlamaları ve sosyal mesafe kuralları dolayısıyla, zor bir döneme gireceği söylenebilir. Lakin tahkim camiası, kısa bir süre içerisinde devlet mahkemelerindeki gibi bir durgunluğun yaşanmaması için yeni duruma uyum sağlamak ve sorunlara çözüm üretmek için yoğun bir şekilde çalışmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Milletlerarası Ticaret Odası (ICC) gibi bazı kurumlar, salgının oluşturduğu zorluklarla yüzleşmek ve olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak için bazı öneriler ve kurallar hazırlamışlardır. ICC, “COVID-19 Salgınının Etkilerinin Azaltılması Amacıyla Olası Önlemlere İlişkin ICC Rehberi” (ICC COVID-19 Rehberi) yayınlamıştır.1 Rehber, ICC’nin, hakem heyetlerinin uyuşmazlıkları hızlı bir şekilde ve mümkünse uzun duruşmalara gerek kalmadan çözmenin olası yollarını aramasını istediğini gösteren tavsiyeler içermektedir. Rehberdeki tavsiyeler sınırlı sayıda değildir. Rehberin amacı tahkim yargılamasının etkinliğini artırmaktır ki bu husus da son yıllardaki “tahkimi daha uygun maliyetli hale getirme” gayesiyle uyum içindedir. Bu nedenle her davanın içinde bulunduğu koşullara göre gerekli tedbirler alınabilecektir. Rehber, hakem heyetinin ve tarafların sanal duruşmanın yürütülme şeklini ortaya koyan protokoller geliştirmek için müzakere etmeleri gerektiğini önermektedir. Rehberde yer alan EK I, sanal duruşmalara ilişkin kontrol listesi sunmaktadır. EK II ise, siber protokol için önerilen maddeleri içermektedir. Tüm bu tavsiye kurallar öneri niteliğindedir ve kullanımı tarafların iradesine bağlıdır. Türkiye tahkim camiasının faydasına sunmak üzere anılan rehber Türkçe’ye tercüme edilmiştir.
For sure, the COVID-19 pandemic has shaken and severely affected any person, public and private entity in the world. People, businesses, schools, universities, public entities and many other areas already suffered and it seems that every area and everyone will continue to do so for a while. By its international nature developed over decades—parties, counsel, witnesses, and tribunals often spread around the world— arbitration has already taken some natural shortcomings due to travel restrictions and social contact measures. However, there is not much to panic as the human species has a priceless capability, the highest among any species: Adaption. In short time, the arbitration community tried to adapt itself and sought for solutions for preventing a standstill, as it is now in the state court systeMadde Fortunately, international arbitration is flexible and innovative enough to overcome the challenges of the pandemic. Many arbitral institutions declared that they will response to this crisis in great cooperation and collaboration; contribute to stabilization and make the future of arbitral proceedings foreseeable by firstly, ensuring that pending cases continue and that parties may have their cases heard without undue delay. In that respect, some institutions like the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) drafted some rules and principles to confront the challenges proposed by the pandemic and mitigate the negative effects of it. The ICC published the “ICC Guidance Note on Possible Measures Aimed at Mitigating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic” (Guidance Note). The ICC Guidance Note was drafted in very short period to guide tribunals and parties and to continue proceedings despite COVID-19 challenges. The Guidance Note is a good example for recommendations which demonstrate that the ICC wants tribunals to act creatively about possible ways to resolve disputes expeditiously and without the need for lengthy arbitration hearings. In that perspective, the Guidance Note proposes techniques, including, bifurcation of the proceedings, identifying issues that can be resolved on the basis of documents only, practices for the expeditious determination of manifestly unmeritorious claims or defenses. The list in the Guidance Note is of non-exhaustive nature and aims to increase the efficiency of the arbitral procedure aligns with efforts in recent years to make arbitration more cost-effective. Thus, according to the present conditions of the case, alternative measures can be adopted and are welcomed. The Guidance Note suggests that the tribunal and the parties should consult to develop protocols that lays out the manner in which the virtual hearing will be conducted. Annex I provides a checklist for a “protocol on virtual hearings”. Annex II includes suggested clauses for the “cyber-protocol”. All these rules and principles are simply recommendations and their use is optional and will invariably require further adapting and customizing on a case-by-case basis. The recommendations in the Guidance Note intend to promote and enable a fair and transparent presentation of evidence and prioritize the flawless and secure transmission of documents, video and audio.
For sure, the COVID-19 pandemic has shaken and severely affected any person, public and private entity in the world. People, businesses, schools, universities, public entities and many other areas already suffered and it seems that every area and everyone will continue to do so for a while. By its international nature developed over decades—parties, counsel, witnesses, and tribunals often spread around the world— arbitration has already taken some natural shortcomings due to travel restrictions and social contact measures. However, there is not much to panic as the human species has a priceless capability, the highest among any species: Adaption. In short time, the arbitration community tried to adapt itself and sought for solutions for preventing a standstill, as it is now in the state court systeMadde Fortunately, international arbitration is flexible and innovative enough to overcome the challenges of the pandemic. Many arbitral institutions declared that they will response to this crisis in great cooperation and collaboration; contribute to stabilization and make the future of arbitral proceedings foreseeable by firstly, ensuring that pending cases continue and that parties may have their cases heard without undue delay. In that respect, some institutions like the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) drafted some rules and principles to confront the challenges proposed by the pandemic and mitigate the negative effects of it. The ICC published the “ICC Guidance Note on Possible Measures Aimed at Mitigating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic” (Guidance Note). The ICC Guidance Note was drafted in very short period to guide tribunals and parties and to continue proceedings despite COVID-19 challenges. The Guidance Note is a good example for recommendations which demonstrate that the ICC wants tribunals to act creatively about possible ways to resolve disputes expeditiously and without the need for lengthy arbitration hearings. In that perspective, the Guidance Note proposes techniques, including, bifurcation of the proceedings, identifying issues that can be resolved on the basis of documents only, practices for the expeditious determination of manifestly unmeritorious claims or defenses. The list in the Guidance Note is of non-exhaustive nature and aims to increase the efficiency of the arbitral procedure aligns with efforts in recent years to make arbitration more cost-effective. Thus, according to the present conditions of the case, alternative measures can be adopted and are welcomed. The Guidance Note suggests that the tribunal and the parties should consult to develop protocols that lays out the manner in which the virtual hearing will be conducted. Annex I provides a checklist for a “protocol on virtual hearings”. Annex II includes suggested clauses for the “cyber-protocol”. All these rules and principles are simply recommendations and their use is optional and will invariably require further adapting and customizing on a case-by-case basis. The recommendations in the Guidance Note intend to promote and enable a fair and transparent presentation of evidence and prioritize the flawless and secure transmission of documents, video and audio.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
ICC, Tahkim, Sanal Duruşma, Siber-Protokol, Video Konferans, Arbitration, Virtual Hearing, Cyber-Protocol, Video Conference, COVID-19
Kaynak
Koronavirüs döneminde güncel hukuki meseleler sempozyumu : Bildiri Tam Metin Kitabı 29 - 30 Mayıs 2020
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Kafalı, Ö. F. (2020). Milletlerarası tahkim ve COVID-19: Salgının etkilerinin azaltılması amacıyla olası önlemlere ilişkin ICC rehberi. Çalışkan, Y. B. Gümrükçüoğlu, Ö. F. Erol, A. Dülger, G. A. Yakacak, Ö. F. Kafalı (Ed.), Koronavirüs Döneminde Güncel Hukuki Meseleler Sempozyumu : Bildiri Tam Metin Kitabı (29 - 30 Mayıs 2020) içinde (83-113. ss.). İstanbul: İbn Haldun Üniversitesi Yayınları.
