1984-1989 yılları arasında Bulgaristan Türklerine yönelik uygulanan asimilasyon politikaları ve göç deneyimleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Maltepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye ve Bulgaristan'da yaşayan Bulgaristan Türkleriyle gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler sonucunda, 1984-1989 yılları arasında Bulgaristan Türklerine uygulanan asimilasyon politikalarının ve buna bağlı olarak göç deneyimlerinin aktarımı hakkındaki düşüncelerin ve yaklaşımların ortaya çıkartılması tezin amacını oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmanın örneklemini 1984-1989 dönemi sonrası Türkiye'ye göç etmiş olan ve bu dönemde göç etmeyerek Bulgaristan'da kalan Bulgaristan Türkleri oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye'ye göç etmiş olan örneklem grubunun yerleşkesi Kurtköy Göçmen Konutları, göç etmeyerek Bulgaristan'da kalan Bulgaristan Türklerinin yerleşkesi olarak Varna belirlenmiştir.
Derinlemesine görüşme teknikleri kullanılarak katılımcıların görüşleri alınmıştır. Derinlemesine görüşmelerde her bir yaş grubu için cinsiyet bazında üçer grup oluşturulmuştur. Bu bağlamda Kurtköy ve Varna'da 30-45 yaş grubundan 2 kadın-2 erkek, 45-60 yaş grubundan 2 kadın-2erkek ve 60 yaş üzeri gruptan 2 kadın-2 erkek olmak üzere toplam 24 kişiyle derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Görüşmenin başlangıcında görüşmecilere doğum yeri, yaşadığı yer, İstanbul'da yaşam süresi, anne-baba mesleği, ailenin göç hikâyesi ve kardeş bilgileri sorularak bir tanışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonraki aşamada ise görüşmeyi gerçekleştirilen kişilere konu başlıklarına göre hazırlanmış sorular yöneltilerek konu ile ilgili fikirleri sorulup cevaplar alınmaya çalışılmış ve elde edilen bulgulara göre tez oluşturulmuştur.
Bu çalışmanın birinci bölümünde araştırmanın sorun/sorunsalı belirlenmiş ve sorun/sorunsala paralel olarak kavramsal çerçeve oluşturularak araştırmanın gerekçesi, önemi ve hipotezleri bu bölümde sunulmuştur.
Araştırmanın ikinci bölümünde araştırmanın örneklemi hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Araştırma sorusunun ve modelinin belirlenmesi süreci, verilerin toplanması ve analizi bu bölümün içeriğini oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca araştırmada kullanılan metodolojiye ayrıntılı şekilde yer verilerek, araştırma yapılırken karşılaşılan güçlüklere de bu bölümde değinilmiştir.
Araştırmanın üçüncü bölümde bulgular yer almaktadır. Ulaşılan bulgular, görüşmeler sırasında görüşülen kişilerin ifadelerinde önemli bulunan yerler, orijinal cümleleri ile sunulmaktadır.
Araştırmanın dördüncü ve son bölümünde hipotezler ve araştırma soruları göz önünde bulundurularak sonuçlara ulaşılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre;1984-1989 döneminde zorunlu göçe maruz bırakılan Bulgaristan Türklerinin, göç edenler ve göç etmeyenler olarak her iki tarafta da asimilasyona maruz bırakıldığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
According to the interviews that have been made with Turks who live in both Turkey and Bulgaria, the main points in the thesis are pointed out as the assimilation which appeared because of the forced migration from Bulgaria to Turkey between 1984- 1989 and the thoughts and approaches about nationalism that has been always transfered between generations. In the research the assimilation, which Turkish people in Bulgaria experianced the forced migration, came across and the idea of nationalism, which each Turkish generation in Bulgaria experienced, are observed by creating homogenized groups which were compared with each other. In the research, the sample group mainly consists of two groups; the first group are the Turks who had to imigrate from Bulgaria to Turkey after the period between 1984- 1989 and the second group are the Turks who stayed in Bulgaria. In the research two locations were chosen as sample places. First location is Kurtköy İmmigrant Houses where Turkish people who came from Bulgaria are living and the second location is Varna City in Bulgaria where Turkish people who didn?t immigrate from Bulgaria are living. These people?s opinions and remarks were written down by using in- depth interview techniques. For in- depth interviews the goups were divided into three groups according to their ages and sex. Two men and two who belong to 30- 45 age group, two men and two women who belong to 45- 60 age group, two men and two women who belong to over 60 years old age group were chosen both in Kurtköy in Turkey and Varna in Bulgaria. So in the end totally 24 people were interviewed. At the beginning of the interviews the people were asked questions about their birthplaces, places they are living, how long they are living in İstanbul, their mothers and fathers jobs, general information about their sisters and brothers and of course about their immigration story. So firstly we met each other shortly. After knowing each other, these people in different groups were asked questions which are prepared for them and then their opinions and thoughts were written down. So according to these results this thesis appeared. In the first part of the thesis, the problem of the research was identified and then the reason, the importance and the hypothesis of the research were presented. In the second part of the thesis the general knowledge about the sample of the research is given.The content of this part mainly consists of the process of identifying the question and the model of the research and gathering and analysing the information. Moreover, the methodology is explained in detail and the difficulties during the process of the research are mentioned in this part of the research. In the third part of the thesis facts and remarks are pointed out. The facts and remarks about the research are presented and written with the original sentences that were gathered during the interviews in the thesis. In the fourth and last part of the thesis, we come up to the results by considering the hypothesis and the questions of the research and then suggestions are given. According to the results that are obtained during the interviews in the research the Turkish people who had to immigrate from Bulgaria to Turkey and the others who stayed in Bulgaria both experienced the assimilation and the idea of nationalism that has been always inherited from generation to generation. The Turkish people who didn’t immigrate and stayed in Bulgaria named themselves as the second and third class people who saw themselves as intimidated, bullied and resigned because of the attitude of Bulgarian Government towards Turkish people who live in Bulgaria. On the other hand the Turkish people who immigrated described the immigration as returning to homeland and to the land where they feel they belong to. It has been seen that the Turkish people who immigrated from Bulgaria are more aware of their cultural identity than the Turkish people who didn't immigrate.According to their ages, sex, the place they live and education level, it is also clear that there are so many similarities between the statements of the people who immigrated and didn't immigrate.
According to the interviews that have been made with Turks who live in both Turkey and Bulgaria, the main points in the thesis are pointed out as the assimilation which appeared because of the forced migration from Bulgaria to Turkey between 1984- 1989 and the thoughts and approaches about nationalism that has been always transfered between generations. In the research the assimilation, which Turkish people in Bulgaria experianced the forced migration, came across and the idea of nationalism, which each Turkish generation in Bulgaria experienced, are observed by creating homogenized groups which were compared with each other. In the research, the sample group mainly consists of two groups; the first group are the Turks who had to imigrate from Bulgaria to Turkey after the period between 1984- 1989 and the second group are the Turks who stayed in Bulgaria. In the research two locations were chosen as sample places. First location is Kurtköy İmmigrant Houses where Turkish people who came from Bulgaria are living and the second location is Varna City in Bulgaria where Turkish people who didn?t immigrate from Bulgaria are living. These people?s opinions and remarks were written down by using in- depth interview techniques. For in- depth interviews the goups were divided into three groups according to their ages and sex. Two men and two who belong to 30- 45 age group, two men and two women who belong to 45- 60 age group, two men and two women who belong to over 60 years old age group were chosen both in Kurtköy in Turkey and Varna in Bulgaria. So in the end totally 24 people were interviewed. At the beginning of the interviews the people were asked questions about their birthplaces, places they are living, how long they are living in İstanbul, their mothers and fathers jobs, general information about their sisters and brothers and of course about their immigration story. So firstly we met each other shortly. After knowing each other, these people in different groups were asked questions which are prepared for them and then their opinions and thoughts were written down. So according to these results this thesis appeared. In the first part of the thesis, the problem of the research was identified and then the reason, the importance and the hypothesis of the research were presented. In the second part of the thesis the general knowledge about the sample of the research is given.The content of this part mainly consists of the process of identifying the question and the model of the research and gathering and analysing the information. Moreover, the methodology is explained in detail and the difficulties during the process of the research are mentioned in this part of the research. In the third part of the thesis facts and remarks are pointed out. The facts and remarks about the research are presented and written with the original sentences that were gathered during the interviews in the thesis. In the fourth and last part of the thesis, we come up to the results by considering the hypothesis and the questions of the research and then suggestions are given. According to the results that are obtained during the interviews in the research the Turkish people who had to immigrate from Bulgaria to Turkey and the others who stayed in Bulgaria both experienced the assimilation and the idea of nationalism that has been always inherited from generation to generation. The Turkish people who didn’t immigrate and stayed in Bulgaria named themselves as the second and third class people who saw themselves as intimidated, bullied and resigned because of the attitude of Bulgarian Government towards Turkish people who live in Bulgaria. On the other hand the Turkish people who immigrated described the immigration as returning to homeland and to the land where they feel they belong to. It has been seen that the Turkish people who immigrated from Bulgaria are more aware of their cultural identity than the Turkish people who didn't immigrate.According to their ages, sex, the place they live and education level, it is also clear that there are so many similarities between the statements of the people who immigrated and didn't immigrate.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Asimilasyon, Assimilation, Göç, Immigration, Zorunlu Göç, Forced Immigration, Milliyetçilik, Nationalism, Kültürel Kimlik, Cultural Identity, Göçmen, Immigrant, Etnik Guruplar, Ethnic Groups, Azınlık, Minority, Bulgaristan Türkleri, Turkish People from Bulgaria
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Yorulmaz, S. (2012). 1984-1989 yılları arasında Bulgaristan Türklerine yönelik uygulanan asimilasyon politikaları ve göç deneyimleri / Assimilation and forced migration politics towards the Turkish people in Bulgaria between the years 1984 - 1989 (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
