The spanish body image state scale: factor structure, reliability and validity in a colombian population
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Mebarak Chams, Moisés
Tinoco, Laura
Mejia-Rodriguez, Dania
Martinez-Banfi, Martha L.
Preuss, Hanna
Hammerle, Florian
Vélez, Jorge I.
Kolar, David R.
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Editor
Frontiers Media S.A.
Resumen
Objective: Body image is a construct highly dependent on culture and ethnicity.
Furthermore, recent studies reveal that body image is not only a trait, but also a
momentary state subject to change in diverse situational contexts. However, cultural
influences on momentary body image have not been sufficiently investigated. To assess
the influence of Latin American culture on momentary body image and to enable its
comparison to Western countries, the Spanish translation of an existing state body
image scale such as the Body Image States Scale (BISS) is needed. In addition, the
factor structure, reliability and general validity of the Spanish BISS (S-BISS) should be
evaluated prior to its application in diverse situational contexts.
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study evaluating 1137 individuals between
the ages of 18 and 28 years from Barranquilla, Colombia, South America. The
original BISS, which assesses body satisfaction, was translated from English
to Spanish. Factorial structure, scale score reliability and convergent/divergent
validity were assessed.
Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a one-factor
model with correlated items best described the factorial structure present in the
BISS questionnaire. The coefficient of scale score reliability was a = 0.92 (McDonalds
& = 0.93), with similar results for men and women. Significant differences between
males and females were found with lesser body satisfaction in females (W = 163260,
p = 0.016). Lower S-BISS scores indicating less body satisfaction were associated
with higher BMI (r = −0.287, p < 0.001) and obtained in participants who were
currently on a diet (t1135 = −3.98, p < 0.001). The S-BISS was negatively correlated
with a trait body image measurement assessing body dissatisfaction (Body Shape
Questionnaire, r = −0.577, p < 0.001) and a psychopathology questionnaire (Brief
Symptom Inventory 53, r = −0.331, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The S-BISS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess body image in
the Colombian population, and exhibits similar psychometric properties to those of the
original version. Future studies should examine whether the S-BISS captures change in
state body image when applied in diverse situational contexts.
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Palabras clave
Body image, Caribbean population, Reliability, Factor analysis, Eating disorders