Afectaciones personales y familiares del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los adolescentes de 12 a 18 años que son pacientes del Hospital Mental Rudesindo Soto
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Casanova Duarte, Ángela Patricia
García Navarro, Iris Stefanny
Luna Duran, Nazly Yaritza
Merchán Sarmiento, Eliana Marcela
Niño Figueredo, Yorly Katriana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
En esta investigación se buscaron las problemáticas en el contexto personal y familiar generadas por el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, teniendo en cuenta las causas y consecuencias en torno a las relaciones amistosas, amorosas y de consanguineidad o afinidad, la deserción escolar, entornos violentos, conductas agresivas y efectos de la droga en los consumidores. El objetivo general fue: Comprender las afectaciones personales y familiares derivadas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los adolescentes de 12 a 18 años que son pacientes del Hospital Mental Rudesindo Soto.
Se utilizó la siguiente metodología: el paradigma de investigación interpretativo, para comprender la forma en que los sujetos explican sus vivencias. Lo anterior, desde un enfoque cualitativo, teniendo como método el estudio caso, donde la población y muestra fueron cuatro (04) pacientes del hospital mental, cuyas características fueron: ser consumidores o codependientes de las sustancias psicoactivas, estar en un rango de edad entre 12 a 18 años; asimismo, tener vínculos de consanguineidad. La técnica aplicada fue la entrevista en profundidad, la cual permitió obtener hallazgos significativos para el respectivo cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados y, de esa manera, concluir satisfactoriamente el proyecto.
La conclusión principal fue que todo tiene un hilo conductor, pues detrás de cada consumidor hay una historia por conocer, la cual está llena de pérdidas, violencia, soledad, desesperanza y/o falta de afecto. Por ejemplo, basándonos en los hallazgos de esta investigación, una etapa de duelo es considerada una causa directa para la iniciación del consumo, pues la pérdida de un ser querido desemboca en soledad o pesimismo y, a su vez, en los pacientes genera buscar un amparo que los desconectara de la realidad que afrontaban. Adicionalmente, la influencia de las amistades puede ser considerada una causa indirecta, ya que esta incrementa las posibilidades de que los adolescentes consigan refugio en las sustancias psicoactivas.
This research sought to identify problems in the personal and family context generated by the consumption of psychoactive substances, taking into account the causes and consequences in relation to friendships, loving and consanguineous or affinity relationships, school dropout, violent environments, aggressive behavior and the effects of drugs on users. The general objective was: To understand the personal and family affectations derived from the consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents between 12 and 18 years old who are patients of the Rudesindo Soto Mental Hospital. The following methodology was used: the interpretative research paradigm, to understand the way in which the subjects explain their experiences. The above, from a qualitative approach, having as method the case study, where the population and sample were four (04) patients of the mental hospital, whose characteristics were: to be consumers or codependents of psychoactive substances, to be in an age range between 12 to 18 years old; also, to have consanguinity bonds. The technique applied was the in-depth interview, which made possible to obtain significant findings for the respective fulfillment of the objectives set and, thus, to satisfactorily conclude the project. The main conclusion was that everything has a common thread, because behind each consumer there is a story to know, which is full of losses, violence, loneliness, hopelessness and/or lack of affection. For example, based on the findings of this research, a stage of grief is considered a direct cause for the initiation of consumption, since the loss of a loved one leads to loneliness or pessimism and, in turn, patients seek a shelter that disconnects them from the reality they were facing. In addition, the influence of friends can be considered an indirect cause, since it increases the chances of adolescents find refuge in psychoactive substances
This research sought to identify problems in the personal and family context generated by the consumption of psychoactive substances, taking into account the causes and consequences in relation to friendships, loving and consanguineous or affinity relationships, school dropout, violent environments, aggressive behavior and the effects of drugs on users. The general objective was: To understand the personal and family affectations derived from the consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents between 12 and 18 years old who are patients of the Rudesindo Soto Mental Hospital. The following methodology was used: the interpretative research paradigm, to understand the way in which the subjects explain their experiences. The above, from a qualitative approach, having as method the case study, where the population and sample were four (04) patients of the mental hospital, whose characteristics were: to be consumers or codependents of psychoactive substances, to be in an age range between 12 to 18 years old; also, to have consanguinity bonds. The technique applied was the in-depth interview, which made possible to obtain significant findings for the respective fulfillment of the objectives set and, thus, to satisfactorily conclude the project. The main conclusion was that everything has a common thread, because behind each consumer there is a story to know, which is full of losses, violence, loneliness, hopelessness and/or lack of affection. For example, based on the findings of this research, a stage of grief is considered a direct cause for the initiation of consumption, since the loss of a loved one leads to loneliness or pessimism and, in turn, patients seek a shelter that disconnects them from the reality they were facing. In addition, the influence of friends can be considered an indirect cause, since it increases the chances of adolescents find refuge in psychoactive substances
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Palabras clave
Sustancias psicoactivas, Adolescentes, familia, Consumo, Duelo, Psychoactive substances, Adolescents, Consumption, Grief, Familia