[en] Saponins are plant and marine animal specific metabolites that are commonly considered as molecular vectors for chemical defenses against unicellular and pluricellular organisms. Their toxicity is attributed to their membranolytic properties. Modifying the molecular structures of saponins by quantitative and selective chemical reactions is increasingly considered to tune the biological properties of these molecules (i) to prepare congeners with specific activities for biomedical applications and (ii) to afford experimental data related to their structure-activity relationship. In the present study, we focused on the sulfated saponins contained in the viscera of Holothuria scabra, a sea cucumber present in the Indian Ocean and abundantly consumed on the Asian food market. Using mass spectrometry, we first qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the saponin content within the viscera of H. scabra. We detected 26 sulfated saponins presenting 5 different elemental compositions. Microwave activation under alkaline conditions in aqueous solutions was developed and optimized to quantitatively and specifically induce the desulfation of the natural saponins, by a specific loss of H2SO4. By comparing the hemolytic activities of the natural and desulfated extracts, we clearly identified the sulfate function as highly responsible for the saponin toxicity.
Research center :
CIRMAP - Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux Polymères CISMA - Centre Interdisciplinaire de Spectrométrie de Masse
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Savarino, Philippe ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Synthèse et spectrométrie de masse organiques
Colson, Emmanuel
Caulier, Guillaume ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Biologie des Organismes Marins et Biomimétisme
Eeckhaut, Igor ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Biologie des Organismes Marins et Biomimétisme
Flammang, Patrick ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Biologie des Organismes Marins et Biomimétisme
Gerbaux, Pascal ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Synthèse et spectrométrie de masse organiques
Language :
English
Title :
Microwave-Assisted Desulfation of the Hemolytic Saponins Extracted from Holothuria scabra Viscera
Publication date :
15 January 2022
Journal title :
Molecules
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Switzerland
Volume :
27
Issue :
2
Pages :
537
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Research unit :
S836 - Synthèse et spectrométrie de masse organiques
Research institute :
R400 - Institut de Recherche en Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux R100 - Institut des Biosciences
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