Anderson, M.J. (2006) Distance-based tests for homogeneity of multivariate dispersions. Biometrics, 62, 245–253.
Arrendal, J., Walker, C.W., Sundqvist, A.-K., Hellborg, L. and Vilà, C. (2004) Genetic evaluation of an otter translocation program. Conservation Genetics, 5, 79–88.
Ayabe, T., Hoshiba, H. and Ono, M. (2004) Cytological evidence for triploid males and females in the bumblebee. Bombus terrestris. Chromosome Research, 12, 215–223.
Ayasse, M. and Jarau, S. (2014) Chemical ecology of bumble bees. Annual Review of Entomology, 59, 299–319.
Baer, B. (2003) Bumblebees as model organisms to study male sexual selection in social insects. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 54, 521–533.
Bergström, G., Svensson, B.G., Appelgren, M. and Groth, I. (1981) Complexity of bumble bee marking pheromones: Biochemical, ecological and systematical interpretations. Systematics Association, Special Volume Series, 19, 175–183.
Bertsch, A., Schweer, H., Titze, A. and Tanaka, H. (2005) Male labial gland secretions and mitochondrial DNA markers support species status of Bombus cryptarum and B. magnus (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Insects Sociaux, 52, 45–54.
Calam, D.H. (1969) Species and sex-specific compounds from the heads of male bumblebees (Bombus spp.). Nature, 221, 856–857.
Carvalheiro, L.G., Kunin, W.E., Keil, P., Aguirre-Gutiérrez, J., Ellis, W.N., Fox, R., Groom, Q., Hennekens, S., van Landuyt, W. and Maes, D. et al. (2013) Species richness declines and biotic homogenisation have slowed down for NW-European pollinators and plants. Ecology Letters, 16, 870–878.
Coppée, A. (2010) Bombus terrestris (L. 1758): a complex species or a species complex? Intraspecific pheromonal and genetic variations of Bombus terrestris (L.), Impacts on the speciation. PhD thesis, University of Mons, Mons (Belgium).
Coppée, A., Mathy, T., Cammaerts, M.-C., Verheggen, F.J., Terzo, M., Iserbyt, S., Valterová, I. and Rasmont, P. (2011) Age-dependent attractivity of males’ sexual pheromones in Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Chemoecology, 21, 75–82.
Coppée, A., Terzo, M., Valterová, I. and Rasmont, P. (2008) Intraspecific variation of the cephalic labial gland secretions in Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Chemistry and Biodiversity, 5, 2654–2661.
Crozier, R.H. (1977) Evolutionary genetics of the Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology, 22, 263–288.
Cueva del Castillo, R. and Fairbairn, D.J. (2012) Macroevolutionary patterns of bumblebee body size: detecting the interplay between natural and sexual selection. Ecology and Evolution, 2, 46–57.
Darvill, B., Ellis, J.S., Lye, G.C. and Goulson, D. (2006) Population structure and inbreeding in a rare and declining bumblebee, Bombus muscorum (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Molecular Ecology, 15, 601–611.
Darvill, B., Lepais, O., Woodall, L.C. and Goulson, D. (2012) Triploid bumblebees indicate a direct cost of inbreeding in fragmented populations. Molecular Ecology, 21, 3988–3995.
De Meulemeester, T., Gerbaux, P., Boulvin, M., Coppée, A. and Rasmont, P. (2011) A simplified protocol for bumble bee species identification by cephalic secretion analysis. Insectes Sociaux, 58, 227–236.
Dellicour, S. and Lecocq, T. (2013a) GCALIGNER 1.0 and GCKOVATS 1.0 - Manual of a Software Suite to Compute a Multiple Sample Comparison Data Matrix from Eco-chemical Datasets Obtained by Gas Chromatography. University of Mons, Mons (Belgium).
Dellicour, S. and Lecocq, T. (2013b) GCALIGNER 1.0: an alignment program to compute a multiple sample comparison data matrix from large eco-chemical datasets obtained by GC. Journal of Separation Science, 36, 3206–3209.
Duchateau, M.J. and Marien, J. (1995) Sexual biology of haploid and diploid males in the bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Insectes Sociaux, 42, 255–266.
Duchateau, M.J., Hoshiba, H. and Velthuis, H.H.W. (1994) Diploid males in the bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Sex determination, sex alleles and viability. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 71, 263–269.
Dufrêne, M. and Legendre, P. (1997) Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological Monographs, 67, 345–366.
Estoup, A., Solignac, M., Harry, M. and Cornuet, J.M. (1993) Characterization of (GT)n and (CT)n microsatellites in two insect species Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris. Nucleic Acid Research, 21, 1427–1431.
Francis, G.W. (1981) Alkylthiolation for the determination of double-bond position in unsaturated fatty acid esters. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 29, 369–374.
Frankham, R., Ballou, J.D. and Briscoe, D.A. (2010) Introduction to Conservation Genetics, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Gérard, M., Michez, D., Fournier, D., Maebe, K., Smagghe, G., Biesmeijer, J.C. and De Meulemeester, T. (2015) Discrimination of haploid and diploid males of Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera; Apidae) based on wing shape. Apidologie, 46, 644–653.
Gerloff, C.U., Ottmer, B.K. and Schmid-Hempel, P. (2003) Effects of inbreeding on immune response and body size in a social insect, Bombus terrestris. Functional Ecology, 17, 582–589.
Goslee, S.C. and Urban, D.L. (2007) The ecodist package for dissimilarity-based analysis of ecological data. Journal of Statistical Software, 22, 1–19.
Heimpel, G.E. and de Boer, J.G. (2008) Sex determination in the Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology, 53, 209–230.
Hein, S., Poethke, H.J. and Dorn, S. (2009) What stops the “diploid male vortex”?—A simulation study for species with single locus complementary sex determination. Ecological Modelling, 220, 1663–1669.
Herrmann, M., Trenzcek, T., Fahrenhorst, H. and Engels, W. (2005) Characters that differ between diploid and haploid honey bee (Apis mellifera) drones. Genetics and Molecular Research, 4, 624–641.
Herzner, G., Schmitt, T., Heckel, F., Schreier, P. and Strohm, E. (2006) Brothers smell similar: variation in the sex pheromone of male European beewolves Philanthus triangulum F. (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) and its implications for inbreeding avoidance. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 89, 433–442.
Holzschuh, A., Steffan-Dewenter, I. and Tscharntke, T. (2009) Grass strip corridors in agricultural landscapes enhance nest-site colonization by solitary wasps. Ecological Applications, 19, 123–132.
Jarau, S., Záček, P., Sobotník, J., Vrkoslav, V., Hadravová, R., Coppée, A., Vašíčková, S., Jiroš, P. and Valterová, I. (2012) Leg tendon glands in male bumblebees (Bombus terrestris): structure, secretion chemistry, and possible functions. Die Naturwissenschaften, 99, 1039–1049.
Klein, A.M., Vaissière, B.E., Cane, J.H., Steffan-Dewenter, I., Cunningham, S.A., Kremen, C. and Tscharntke, T. (2007) Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops. Proceedings. Biological sciences/The Royal Society, 274, 303–313.
Lecocq, T., Brasero, N., Martinet, B., Valterovà, I. and Rasmont, P. (2015a) Highly polytypic taxon complex: interspecific and intraspecific integrative taxonomic assessment of the widespread pollinator Bombus pascuorum Scopoli 1763 (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Systematic Entomology, 40, 881–888.
Lecocq, T., Brasero, N., Meulemeester, T. De Michez, D., Dellicour, S., Lhomme, P., Jonghe, R. De Valterová, I., Urbanová, K. and Rasmont, P. (2015b) An integrative taxonomic approach to assess the status of Corsican bumblebees: implications for conservation. Animal Conservation, 18, 236–248.
Lecocq, T., Coppée, A., Mathy, T., Lhomme, P., Cammaerts-Tricot, M.C., Urbanová, K., Valterová, I. and Rasmont, P. (2015c) Subspecific differentiation in male reproductive traits and virgin queen preferences, in Bombus terrestris. Apidologie, 46, 595–605.
Lecocq, T., Dellicour, S., Michez, D., Lhomme, P., Vanderplanck, M., Valterová, I., Rasplus, J.Y. and Rasmont, P. (2013) Scent of a break-up: phylogeography and reproductive trait divergences in the red-tailed bumblebee (Bombus lapidarius). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 13, 263.
Lecocq, T., Lhomme, P., Michez, D., Dellicour, S., Valterová, I. and Rasmont, P. (2011) Molecular and chemical characters to evaluate species status of two cuckoo bumblebees: Bombus barbutellus and Bombus maxillosus (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini). Systematic Entomology, 36, 453–469.
Lhomme, P., Ayasse, M., Valterová, I., Lecocq, T. and Rasmont, P. (2012) Born in an alien nest: how do social parasite male offspring escape from host aggression? PLoS ONE, 7, e43053.
Lhomme, P., Sramkova, A., Kreuter, K., Lecocq, T., Rasmont, P. and Ayasse, M. (2013) A method for year-round rearing of cuckoo bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Bombus subgenus Psithyrus). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 49, 117–125.
Maebe, K., Meeus, I., De Riek, J. and Smagghe, G. (2015) Quantitative trait loci for light sensitivity, body weight, body size, and morphological eye parameters in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris. PLoS ONE, 10, e0125011.
Maebe, K., Meeus, I., Maharramov, J., Grootaert, P., Michez, D., Rasmont, P. and Smagghe, G. (2013) Microsatellite analysis in museum samples reveals inbreeding before the regression of Bombus veteranus. Apidologie, 44, 188–197.
Oksanen, F.J., Blanchet, G., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., Minchin, P.R., O'Hara, R.B., Simpson, G.L., Solymos, P., Stevens, M.H.H. and Wagner, H. (2011) Vegan: Community Ecology Package.
Oldham, N.J. and Svatoš, A. (1999) Determination of the double bond position in functionalized monoenes by chemical ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry using acetonitrile as a reagent gas. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 13, 331–336.
Ollerton, J., Winfree, R. and Tarrant, S. (2011) How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals? Oikos, 120, 321–326.
Payne, C.M., Laverty, T.M. and Lachance, M.A. (2003) The frequency of multiple paternity in bumble bee (Bombus) colonies based on microsatellite DNA at the B10 locus. Insectes Sociaux, 50, 375–378.
Potts, S.G., Biesmeijer, J.C., Bommarco, R., Felicioli, A., Fischer, M., Jokinen, P., Kleijn, D., Klein, A.M., Kunin, W.E. and Neumann, P. et al. (2011) Developing European conservation and mitigation tools for pollination services: approaches of the STEP (Status and Trends of European Pollinators) project. Journal of Apicultural Research, 50, 152–164.
R Development Core Team (2013) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Rasmont, P., Coppée, A., Michez, D. and De Meulemeester, T. (2008) An overview of the Bombus terrestris (L. 1758) subspecies (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.), 44, 243–250.
Rasmont, P., Franzen, M., Lecocq, T., Harpke, A., Roberts, S., Biesmeijer, J.C., Castro, L., Cederberg, B., Dvorak, L. and Fitzpatrick, U. et al. (2015) Climatic risk and distribution atlas of European bumblebees. BioRisk, 10, 1–236.
Schuelke, M. (2000) An economic method for the fluorescent labeling of PCR fragments. Nature Biotechnology, 18, 233–234.
Stolle, E., Rohde, M., Vautrin, D., Solignac, M., Schmid-Hempel, P., Schmid-Hempel, R. and Moritz, R.F.A. (2009) Novel microsatellite DNA loci for Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758). Molecular Ecology Resources, 9, 1345–1352.
Streinzer, M. and Spaethe, J. (2014) Functional morphology of the visual system and mating strategies in bumblebees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 735–747.
Takahashi, J., Ayabe, T., Mitsuhata, M., Shimizu, I. and Ono, M. (2008) Diploid male production in a rare and locally distributed bumblebee, Bombus florilegus (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Insectes Sociaux, 55, 43–50.
Tkalců, B. (1969) Ergebnisse der Albanien–Expedition 1961 des Deutschen Entomologischen Institutes. 78. Beitrag. Hymenoptera: Apidae IV (Bombinae). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 19, 887–916.
Whidden, T.L. and Owen, R.E. (2011) Frequencies of diploid males in natural populations of three North American bumble bee (Bombus) species (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 104, 83–87.
Whitehorn, P.R., Tinsley, M.C., Brown, M.J.F., Darvill, B. and Goulson, D. (2009) Impacts of inbreeding on bumblebee colony fitness under field conditions. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 9, 152.
Williams, P.H. (1985) A preliminary cladistic investigation of relationships among the bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Systematic Entomology, 10, 239–255.
Winfree, R. (2010) The conservation and restoration of wild bees. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1195, 169–197.
Woyke, J. (1963) Drone larvae from fertilized eggs of the honeybee. Journal of Apicultural Research, 1, 19–24.
Žáček, P., Kalinová, B., Šobotník, J., Hovorka, O., Ptácek, V., Coppée, A., Verheggen, F. and Valterová, I. (2009) Comparison of age-dependent quantitative changes in the male labial gland secretion of Bombus terrestris and Bombus lucorum. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 35, 698–705.
Zayed, A. (2009) Bee genetics and conservation. Apidologie, 40, 237–262.
Zayed, A. and Packer, L. (2005) Complementary sex determination substantially increases extinction proneness of haplodiploid populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102, 10742–10746.