CO2 conversion; CO2 dissociation; Nozzle; Plasma-based conversion; Power-2-X; Thermal plasma; Microwave plasma; Plasma quenching; Post-plasma; Power; Value-added chemicals; Chemical Engineering (all); Fuel Technology; Energy Engineering and Power Technology; Organic Chemistry; General Chemical Engineering
Abstract :
[en] Transforming CO2 into value-added chemicals is crucial to realizing a carbon–neutral economy, and plasma-based conversion, a Power-2-X technology, offers a promising route to realizing an efficient and scalable process. This paper investigates the effects of post-plasma placement of a converging–diverging nozzle in a vortex-stabilized 2.45 GHz CO2 microwave plasma reactor to increase energy efficiency and conversion. The CDN leads to a 21 % relative increase in energy efficiency (31 %) and CO2 conversion (13 %) at high flow rates and near-atmospheric conditions. The most significant performance improvement was seen at low flow rates and sub-atmospheric pressure (300 mbar), where energy efficiency was 23 % and conversion was 28 %, a 71 % relative increase over conditions without the CDN. Using CFD simulations, we found that the CDN produces a change in the flow geometry, leading to a confined temperature profile at the height of the plasma, and forced extraction of CO to the post-CDN region.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Mercer, E.R.; Research group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium ; Research Group PSFD, Dutch Institute of Fundamental Energy Research, AJ Eindhoven, Netherlands
Van Alphen, S.; Research group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium ; Research group ChIPS, Department of Chemistry, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
van Deursen, C.F.A.M.; Research Group PSFD, Dutch Institute of Fundamental Energy Research, AJ Eindhoven, Netherlands
Righart, T.W.H.; Plasma Chemistry, Department of Circular Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, Netherlands
Bongers, W.A.; Research Group PSFD, Dutch Institute of Fundamental Energy Research, AJ Eindhoven, Netherlands
Snyders, Rony ; Université de Mons - UMONS > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface ; Materia Nova Research Center, Mons, Belgium
Bogaerts, A.; Research group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
van de Sanden, M.C.M.; Research Group PSFD, Dutch Institute of Fundamental Energy Research, AJ Eindhoven, Netherlands ; Eindhoven Institute for Renewable Energy Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
Peeters, F.J.J.; Research Group PSFD, Dutch Institute of Fundamental Energy Research, AJ Eindhoven, Netherlands
Language :
English
Title :
Post-plasma quenching to improve conversion and energy efficiency in a CO2 microwave plasma
This research was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project) and the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023). The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the HPC core facility CalcUA of the Universiteit Antwerpen, and VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government. In addition, this work has been carried out as part of the Plasma Power to Gas research program with reference 15325, which is by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) and Alliander N.V.This research was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 810182 – SCOPE ERC Synergy project) and the Excellence of Science FWO-FNRS project (FWO grant ID GoF9618n, EOS ID 30505023). The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the HPC core facility CalcUA of the Universiteit Antwerpen, and VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government. In addition, this work has been carried out as part of the Plasma Power to Gas research program with reference 15325, which is by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) and Alliander N.V.
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