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“Red carbon” : a rediscovered covalent crystalline semiconductor

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Odziomek,  Mateusz
Nieves Lopez Salas, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Giusto,  Paolo       
Paolo Giusto, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Kossmann,  Janina
Nieves Lopez Salas, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Tarakina,  Nadezda V.
Nadezda V. Tarakina, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Heske,  Julian       
Markus Antonietti, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Mazzanti,  Stefano
Aleksandr Savateev, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Savateev,  Aleksandr
Aleksandr Savateev, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Antonietti,  Markus
Markus Antonietti, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Lopez Salas,  Nieves
Nieves Lopez Salas, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Odziomek, M., Giusto, P., Kossmann, J., Tarakina, N. V., Heske, J., Rivadeneira, S. M., et al. (2022). “Red carbon”: a rediscovered covalent crystalline semiconductor. Advanced Materials, 34(40): 2206405. doi:10.1002/adma.202206405.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-E521-E
Abstract
Carbon suboxide (C3O2) is a unique molecule able to polymerize spontaneously into highly conjugated light-absorbing structures at temperatures as low as 0 °C. Despite obvious advantages, little is known about the nature and the functional properties of this carbonaceous material. In this work, we aim to bring “red carbon”, a forgotten polymeric semiconductor, back to the community's attention. A solution polymerization process is adapted to simplify the synthesis and control the structure. This allows us to obtain this crystalline covalent material at low temperatures. Both spectroscopic and elemental analyses support the chemical structure represented as conjugated ladder polypyrone ribbons. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest a crystalline structure of AB stacks of polypyrone ribbons and identify the material as a direct bandgap semiconductor with a medium bandgap that is further confirmed by optical analysis. The material shows promising photocatalytic performance using blue light. Moreover, the simple condensation-aromatization route described here allows the straightforward fabrication of conjugated ladder polymers and could be inspiring for the synthesis of carbonaceous materials at low temperatures in general.