gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: individual: B1608+656; RXJ1131-1231; HE 0435-1223; WFI2033-4723; HE 1104-1805; galaxies: structure; cosmological parameters; distance scale
Abstract :
[en] Strong gravitational lens systems with time delays between the multiple images allow measurements of time-delay distances, which are primarily sensitive to the Hubble constant that is key to probing dark energy, neutrino physics and the spatial curvature of the Universe, as well as discovering new physics. We present H0LiCOW (H[SUB]0[/SUB] Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring), a program that aims to measure H[SUB]0[/SUB] with <3.5 per cent uncertainty from five lens systems (B1608+656, RXJ1131-1231, HE 0435-1223, WFI2033-4723 and HE 1104-1805). We have been acquiring (1) time delays through COSMOGRAIL and Very Large Array monitoring, (2) high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging for the lens mass modelling, (3) wide-field imaging and spectroscopy to characterize the lens environment and (4) moderate-resolution spectroscopy to obtain the stellar velocity dispersion of the lenses for mass modelling. In cosmological models with one-parameter extension to flat Λ cold dark matter, we expect to measure H[SUB]0[/SUB] to <3.5 per cent in most models, spatial curvature Ω[SUB]k[/SUB] to 0.004, w to 0.14 and the effective number of neutrino species to 0.2 (1σ uncertainties) when combined with current cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. These are, respectively, a factor of ˜15, ˜2 and ˜1.5 tighter than CMB alone. Our data set will further enable us to study the stellar initial mass function of the lens galaxies, and the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. This program will provide a foundation for extracting cosmological distances from the hundreds of time-delay lenses that are expected to be discovered in current and future surveys.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Suyu, S. H.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany ; Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, PO Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan ; Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Bonvin, V.; Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
Courbin, F.; Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
Fassnacht, C. D.; Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Rusu, C. E.; Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Sluse, Dominique ; Université de Liège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Treu, T.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Wong, K. C.; Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, PO Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan ; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
Auger, M. W.; Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
Ding, X.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Marshall, P. J.; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
Rumbaugh, N.; Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Sonnenfeld, A.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan ; Physics Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Tewes, M.; Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Auf dem Hügel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
Tihhonova, O.; Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
Blandford, R. D.; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
Chen, G. C.-F.; Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, PO Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan ; Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Collett, T.; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Rd, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
Koopmans, L. V. E.; Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
Liao, K.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Meylan, G.; Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
Spiniello, C.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)
Agnello, Adriano; European Southern Observatory (D-85748 Garching Germany)
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