[en] In this study, we investigated factors that influence the differences in exposure of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) from eight species of Antarctic seabirds, including Pygoscelis penguins, Stercorarius maccormicki, and Macronectes giganteus. We analyzed the relationship between foraging ecology (based on δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S values) and PFAAs accumulated in eggs and breast feathers. Ten out of 15 targeted PFAAs were detected in eggs compared to eight in feathers. Mean ∑PFAA concentrations in feathers ranged from 0.47 in P. antarcticus to 17.4 ng/g dry weight (dw) in S. maccormicki. In eggs, ∑PFAA concentrations ranged from 3.51 in P. adeliae to 117 ng/g dw in S. maccormicki. The highest concentrations of most PFAAs were found in trans-equatorial migrators such as S. maccormicki, probably due their high trophic position and higher concentrations of PFAAs in the Northern Hemisphere compared to the Southern Hemisphere. Based on stable isotopes correlations, our results suggest that the trophic position (δ15N) and the foraging area (δ13C and δ34S) influence PFAAs concentrations in Antarctic seabirds. Our results point to the possibility that long-distance migratory birds may have as bio-vectors in the transport of pollutants, including PFCAs, in Antarctic environments, although this must be further confirmed in future studies using a mass balanced approach, such as extractable organofluorine (EOF).
Research center :
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège
Padilha, Janeide ; Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: janeide.padilha@ufrj.br
de Carvalho, Gabriel O ; Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Willems, Tim ; ECOSPHERE, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium, Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
Lepoint, Gilles ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS)
Cunha, Larissa ; Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Pessoa, Adriana R L; Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Eens, Marcel ; Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group (BECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
Prinsen, Els ; Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
Costa, Erli ; Mestrado Profissional Em Ambiente e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Estadual Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua Assis Brasil, 842, Centro, São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Torres, João Paulo; Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Dorneles, Paulo; Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Das, Krishna ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Océanographie biologique
Bervoets, Lieven ; ECOSPHERE, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
Groffen, Thimo ; ECOSPHERE, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group (BECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
This work was funded by the research projects G038615N , G018119N , and 12ZZQ21N of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) . TG is funded by a post-doctoral grant of the FWO (grant nr. 12ZZQ21N ). This work was also supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development ( CNPq ) through CNPq/MCT 557049/2009–1 , as well as through a Universal Call CNPq-Project from PRD (proc. 432518/2016–9 ). This work was also funded by a scientific cooperation established between the Brazilian Foundation for the Coordination and Improvement of Higher Level or Education Personnel (CAPES - process numbers 88881.154725/2017–01 88887.154724/2017–00 ) and Wallonie Bruxelles International (WBI, from Belgium), coordinated by PRD and KD, as well as by the Rio de Janeiro State Government Research Agency ( FAPERJ E-26/111.505/2010 ) through the project entitled: “Estudos bioecológicos em Pingüins (Pygoscelis Antarctica, P. papua e P. adeliae) e skuas (Stercorarius maccormickii e C. lonnbergii): determinação de micropoluentes e níveis de estresse através de métodos de amostragem não invasivos,“. We would like to thank the Brazilian Navy, which provided logistical support in Antarctica through the “Secretaria da Comissão Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar” ( SECIRM ). GL and KD are Senior F.R.S.-FNRS research associate. PRD have research grants from CNPq (PQ-1A proc. 306703/2014–9 and PQ-2 proc. 306847/2016–7 , respectively.This work was funded by the research projects G038615N, G018119N, and 12ZZQ21Nof the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). TG is funded by a post-doctoral grant of the FWO (grant nr. 12ZZQ21N). This work was also supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) through CNPq/MCT 557049/2009–1, as well as through a Universal Call CNPq-Project from PRD (proc. 432518/2016–9). This work was also funded by a scientific cooperation established between the Brazilian Foundation for the Coordination and Improvement of Higher Level or Education Personnel (CAPES - process numbers 88881.154725/2017–01 88887.154724/2017–00) and Wallonie Bruxelles International (WBI, from Belgium), coordinated by PRD and KD, as well as by the Rio de Janeiro State Government Research Agency (FAPERJ E-26/111.505/2010) through the project entitled: “Estudos bioecológicos em Pingüins (Pygoscelis Antarctica, P. papua e P. adeliae) e skuas (Stercorarius maccormickii e C. lonnbergii): determinação de micropoluentes e níveis de estresse através de métodos de amostragem não invasivos,“. We would like to thank the Brazilian Navy, which provided logistical support in Antarctica through the “Secretaria da Comissão Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar” (SECIRM). GL is a F.R.S.-FNRS research associate, and KD is a Senior F.R.S.-FNRS research associate. PRD have research grants from CNPq (PQ-1A proc. 306703/2014–9 and PQ-2 proc. 306847/2016–7, respectively.
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