Article (Scientific journals)
Classical pituitary tumour apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcomes in a series of 24 patients.
Dubuisson, Annie; Beckers, Albert; Stevenaert, Achille
2007In Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 109 (1), p. 63-70
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Keywords :
Adenoma/pathology; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Apoplexy/diagnosis/etiology/therapy; Pituitary Neoplasms/pathology; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
Abstract :
[en] We retrospectively analysed the incidence, clinical presentation, endocrinological and radiological findings, medical and surgical management of pituitary apoplexy in our department (single-centre study), having a large experience in pituitary surgery. Among 1540 pituitary lesions, 24 patients presented with pituitary apoplexy. Their charts were retrospectively reviewed. The symptoms included headache (92%), nausea and vomiting (54%), visual deficit (50%), oculomotor paresis (54%) and/or an altered mental state (42%). Skull X-rays (n = 14) demonstrated an enlarged sella turcica in all cases; CT-scan and/or MRI always revealed a sellar and suprasellar expanding lesion. Panhypopituitarism was present on admission in 70% of the patients. Urgent therapeutic management included high-dose cortisone treatment in all but one patients and CSF drainage in three. Three patients were treated conservatively. Nine patients were operated on rapidly, within hours or a few days because of severe visual deficit and/or altered level of consciousness. Nineteen patients were operated by the trans-sphenoidal approach; one of them required a second operation by craniotomy. There were two deaths related to the illness and one to an ill-defined reason at 4 months. Among the other patients 95% made a good recovery. All but two patients required a substitutive treatment with adrenal (83%), thyroid (68%), gonadal (42%) and/or growth (16%) hormones. The preoperative visual deficits recovered in all but one patients (92%) whereas the oculomotor pareses improved in all but two patients (85%). In conclusion, pituitary tumour apoplexy is a rare event, complicating in our series 1.6% of 1540 pituitary adenomas. Even in severe cases, complete recovery is possible if the diagnosis is rapidly obtained and adequate management is initiated in time. Surgical results after trans-sphenoidal approach are in the majority of cases very satisfactory.
Disciplines :
Endocrinology, metabolism & nutrition
Author, co-author :
Dubuisson, Annie ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Neurochirurgie
Beckers, Albert ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Endocrinologie
Stevenaert, Achille ;  Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Neurochirurgie
Language :
English
Title :
Classical pituitary tumour apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcomes in a series of 24 patients.
Publication date :
January 2007
Journal title :
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
ISSN :
0303-8467
eISSN :
1872-6968
Publisher :
Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Volume :
109
Issue :
1
Pages :
63-70
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 22 June 2010

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