Drought as a possible contributor to the Visigothic Kingdom crisis and Islamic expansion in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors
Camuera, Jon; Jiménez Espejo, Francisco J.; Soto Chica, José; Jiménez Moreno, Gonzalo; García Álix, Antonio; [et al.]Identifiers
Permanent link (URI): http://hdl.handle.net/10017/59240DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41367-7
ISSN: 2041-1723
Date
2023-09-15Funders
Junta de Castilla-La Mancha
Bibliographic citation
Nature Communications, 2023, v. 14, n. 5733, p. 1-10
Keywords
Archaeology
Visigothic period
Climatic change
Historical Droughts
Project
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/JCCM/Scientific Research and Technology Transfer Projects of the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha/SBPLY%2F21%2F180501%2F000205/ES/
Document type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Rights
(c) Nature Communications
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Access rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
The Muslim expansion in the Mediterranean basin was one the most relevant and rapid cultural changes in human history. This expansion reached the Iberian Peninsula with the replacement of the Visigothic Kingdom by the Muslim Umayyad Caliphate and the Muslim Emirate of Córdoba during the 8th century CE. In this study we made a compilation of western Mediterranean pollen records to gain insight about past climate conditions when this expansion took place. The pollen stack results, together with other paleohydrological records, archaeological data and historical sources, indicate that the statistically significant strongest droughts between the mid-5th and mid10th centuries CE (450?950 CE) occurred at 545?570, 695?725, 755?770 and 900?935 CE, which could have contributed to the instability of the Visigothic and Muslim reigns in the Iberian Peninsula. Our study supports the great sensitivity of the agriculture-based economy and socio-political unrest of Early Medieval kingdoms to climatic variations.
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