Efectivitat de la dieta cetogènica en l’epilèpsia refractària infantil: projecte de recerca

Álvarez Gómez, Marina
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Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide, prevalent in children, adolescents, and the elderly, characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal electrical discharges from the brain. Most can be controlled with 1 or 2 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), but there are cases where seizures resistant to these can develop. Surgery may be effective, but only in those cases where seizures always occur in a single area of the brain. For this reason, the ketogenic diet is one of the therapeutic options used. Its use has been used for more than 80 years as a treatment for refractory epilepsy, thanks to the benefits it produces by simulating the metabolic effect of fasting, encouraging the body to use fat as a primary source of energy instead of 'carbohydrates. However, published scientific evidence is limited. For this reason, a study is proposed whose main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of the ketogenic diet as a treatment in children with refractory epilepsy compared to the Mediterranean diet. Methodology: Randomized clinical trial. Participants will be children aged 7 to 9 years with refractory epilepsy with a minimum of 1 year of development who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. An ad hoc questionnaire will be used as a study data collection tool. Two groups will be differentiated, an experimental group which will be subdivided into 4 groups which will receive a different type of ketogenic diet and a control group that will follow a Mediterranean dietary pattern. The administered dietary guidelines will be performed for 4 months and each month there will be a count of the number of seizures, improvements in quality of life and possible adverse effects. The statistical analysis of the data obtained will be carried out using the statistical program SPSS ​
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