Características psicopatológicas em indivíduos com problemas ligados ao álcool
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2020-07-16
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O alcoolismo é um grave problema de saúde pública que afeta milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e, acarreta consequências dramáticas na saúde física e psicológica dos indivíduos. Em concreto, procurou-se averiguar um conjunto de variáveis sociodemográficas (a idade do primeiro contacto com o álcool, número de recaídas e o facto de estar abstinente ou em consumo) e características psicopatológicas que, de algum modo, tivessem relação com o consumo de álcool. Os dados foram recolhidos através de dois instrumentos, um questionário sociodemográfico e o Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI) aplicados a pacientes da Unidade de Alcoologia do Porto. A amostra é constituída por 50 indivíduos (25 abstinentes e 25 em consumo), apenas do sexo masculino e com idades compreendidas entre os 30 e os 73 anos (M= 54.22; DP= 10.860). Os resultados obtidos indicam que o primeiro contacto com o álcool está frequentemente associado à adolescência e com pontuações significativamente superiores nas subescalas ansiedade e ideação paranoide. No que concerne ao número de recaídas verificou-se que os indivíduos com mais de três recidivas apresentam valores mais elevados de sensibilidade interpessoal e ansiedade fóbica. Relativamente à presença de sintomas psicopatológicos entre sujeitos abstinentes e em consumo, verificou-se que estes últimos tendem a pontuar mais alto em todas as subescalas de psicopatologia em comparação com os abstinentes.
Alcoholism is a serious public health problem that affects millions of people around the world and has dramatic consequences on the physical and psychological health of individuals. Particularly, an attempt was made to ascertain a set of sociodemographic variables (the age of first contact with alcohol, the number of relapses and abstinent/ nonabstinent status) and psychopathological characteristics that, in some way, were related to the consumption of alcohol. The data were collected through the application of two instruments, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI), that were applied to patients at the Unidade de Alcoologia do Porto. The sample consisted of 50 males (25 abstinent and 25 non-abstinent) with ages ranging between 30 and 73 years old (M = 54.22; SD = 10,860). The results obtained suggested that the first contact with alcohol is often associated with adolescence and with significantly higher scores in the anxiety and paranoid ideation subscales. Regarding the number of relapses, it was found that individuals with more than three relapses have higher values of interpersonal sensitivity and phobic anxiety. Concerning the presence of psychopathological symptoms among abstinent and non-abstinent individuals, we observed that non-abstinent patients present higher scores in all subscales of psychopathology compared to abstinent.
Alcoholism is a serious public health problem that affects millions of people around the world and has dramatic consequences on the physical and psychological health of individuals. Particularly, an attempt was made to ascertain a set of sociodemographic variables (the age of first contact with alcohol, the number of relapses and abstinent/ nonabstinent status) and psychopathological characteristics that, in some way, were related to the consumption of alcohol. The data were collected through the application of two instruments, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI), that were applied to patients at the Unidade de Alcoologia do Porto. The sample consisted of 50 males (25 abstinent and 25 non-abstinent) with ages ranging between 30 and 73 years old (M = 54.22; SD = 10,860). The results obtained suggested that the first contact with alcohol is often associated with adolescence and with significantly higher scores in the anxiety and paranoid ideation subscales. Regarding the number of relapses, it was found that individuals with more than three relapses have higher values of interpersonal sensitivity and phobic anxiety. Concerning the presence of psychopathological symptoms among abstinent and non-abstinent individuals, we observed that non-abstinent patients present higher scores in all subscales of psychopathology compared to abstinent.
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Psicologia Clínica pela Universidade
de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
álcool , psicopatologia