Estudo das doenças do intestino do cão e do gato diagnosticadas por histopatologia
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2016
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As doenças do intestino, quer de natureza inflamatória quer neoplásica, são muito comuns no cão e no gato, podendo apresentar sinais clínicos semelhantes entre elas. O exame histopatológico das lesões intestinais é essencial para a obtenção do diagnóstico definitivo da doença e classificação da sua gravidade.
Este estudo teve como objetivo a determinação da frequência das doenças do intestino delgado e do intestino grosso, no cão e no gato, diagnosticadas por histopatologia. Foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo com base na informação de relatórios de histopatologia do laboratório DNAtech de amostras de intestino analisadas entre janeiro de 2012 e junho de 2015. A informação obtida compreendeu com a espécie, o órgão, a localização do segmento de intestino, a natureza da lesão, o diagnóstico histopatológico e o método de recolha das amostras.
De um total de 279 amostras de histopatologia de lesões intestinais, foram identificadas 189 de natureza inflamatória, 80 neoplásicas, 8 idiopáticas e 2 de natureza não específica (úlcera duodenal e petéquias), onde se verificou uma relação significativa entre a espécie com a natureza da lesão (p=0,003), como também entre o órgão e a natureza da lesão (p=0,000). As doenças intestinais foram mais frequentes no cão (169; 60,6%) e com localização no intestino delgado (188; 67,4% do total), dos quais 111 no cão e 77 no gato. As doenças de natureza inflamatória foram mais frequentes no cão (123; 65,1%) do que no gato (66; 34,9%). O diagnóstico histopatológico de natureza inflamatória mais observado foi a enterite linfoplasmocitária (103; 54,5%). Verificou-se a presença de uma relação significativa da variável de diagnóstico histopatológico de natureza inflamatória com a espécie (p=0,001) e com o órgão (p=0,000). A doença de natureza neoplásica mais observada foi o linfoma intestinal (43; 53,75%), tendo sido 29 no gato e 14 no cão, tendo essa relação sido significativa (p=0,001).
O método de recolha das amostras mais utilizado foi a endoscopia (145; 52%), seguindo-se a enterectomia por laparotomia (68; 24,4%), a biópsia de fragmentos de parede total do intestino por laparotomia (53; 19%), a colectomia por laparotomia (11; 3,9%) e, por último, a necrópsia (2; 0,7%). O método de recolha das amostras apresentou uma relação significativa com a espécie (p=0,009), com o órgão (p=0,000) e com a natureza da lesão (p=0,000).
Este estudo permitiu contribuir para o conhecimento mais aprofundado das doenças do intestino dos carnívoros domésticos em Portugal.
The intestinal diseases, either of inflammatory or neoplastic nature, are very common in dogs and cats, and its clinical signs can be similar. Therefore, the histopathology of intestine is essential to obtain a definitive diagnostic of the disease as well as to classify its severity. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of diseases on both small and large intestine of the dog and cat, diagnosed by histopathology. Thus, a retrospective study based on the information gathered from the histopathology reports of intestine samples, between January 2012 and June 2015 at the DNAtech laboratory, was conducted. The information obtained comprised with the species, the organ, the location of the intestine segment, the nature of the injury, the histopathological diagnosis and the method of sampling. Out of a total of 279 samples, 189 lesions of inflammatory nature, 80 neoplastic, 8 idiopathic and 2 of non-specific nature (duodenal ulcer and petechial) were identified. It was possible to observe a significant relationship between the species and the nature of the injury (p=0,003) as well as between the organ and the nature of the injury (p=0,000). Intestinal diseases were more often identified in dogs (169; 60,6%) and located on the small intestine (188; 67,4% in total), 111 in dog and 77 in cat. Furthermore, inflammatory conditions were more frequently verified in dogs (123; 65,1%) than in cats (66; 34,9%). The most observed inflammatory disease was the lymphoplasmocitic enteritis (103; 54,5%). Additionally, significant relationships between diagnosis of the inflammatory nature with the species (p=0,001) and with the organ (p=0,000) were identified. The most observed disease of neoplastic nature was the intestinal lymphoma (43; 53,75%), including 29 cases in cats and 19 in dogs, having this relation was significant (p=0,001). Concerning the sampling, the most used method was the endoscopy (145; 52%), followed by the enterectomy by laparotomy (68; 24,4%), the biopsy of intestine´s complete wall by laparotomy (53; 19%), the colectomy by laparotomy (11; 3,9%) and the necropsy (2; 0,7%). Sampling method revealed significant relationships between the species (p=0,009), the organ (p=0,000) and the injury´s nature (p = 0,000). In conclusion, this study provided a contribution to the in-depth knowledge of the intestine diseases in domestic carnivorous in Portugal.
The intestinal diseases, either of inflammatory or neoplastic nature, are very common in dogs and cats, and its clinical signs can be similar. Therefore, the histopathology of intestine is essential to obtain a definitive diagnostic of the disease as well as to classify its severity. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of diseases on both small and large intestine of the dog and cat, diagnosed by histopathology. Thus, a retrospective study based on the information gathered from the histopathology reports of intestine samples, between January 2012 and June 2015 at the DNAtech laboratory, was conducted. The information obtained comprised with the species, the organ, the location of the intestine segment, the nature of the injury, the histopathological diagnosis and the method of sampling. Out of a total of 279 samples, 189 lesions of inflammatory nature, 80 neoplastic, 8 idiopathic and 2 of non-specific nature (duodenal ulcer and petechial) were identified. It was possible to observe a significant relationship between the species and the nature of the injury (p=0,003) as well as between the organ and the nature of the injury (p=0,000). Intestinal diseases were more often identified in dogs (169; 60,6%) and located on the small intestine (188; 67,4% in total), 111 in dog and 77 in cat. Furthermore, inflammatory conditions were more frequently verified in dogs (123; 65,1%) than in cats (66; 34,9%). The most observed inflammatory disease was the lymphoplasmocitic enteritis (103; 54,5%). Additionally, significant relationships between diagnosis of the inflammatory nature with the species (p=0,001) and with the organ (p=0,000) were identified. The most observed disease of neoplastic nature was the intestinal lymphoma (43; 53,75%), including 29 cases in cats and 19 in dogs, having this relation was significant (p=0,001). Concerning the sampling, the most used method was the endoscopy (145; 52%), followed by the enterectomy by laparotomy (68; 24,4%), the biopsy of intestine´s complete wall by laparotomy (53; 19%), the colectomy by laparotomy (11; 3,9%) and the necropsy (2; 0,7%). Sampling method revealed significant relationships between the species (p=0,009), the organ (p=0,000) and the injury´s nature (p = 0,000). In conclusion, this study provided a contribution to the in-depth knowledge of the intestine diseases in domestic carnivorous in Portugal.
Descrição
Orientação : João Requicha ; co-orientação : Daiana Cardoso
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, DOGS, GATOS, CATS, DOENÇAS DO SISTEMA DIGESTIVO, DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES, HISTOPATOLOGIA, HISTOPATHOLOGY, VETERINARY MEDICINE, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CANÍDEOS, FELÍDEOS, CANIDS, FELIDS