Life cycle assessment, energy balance and sensitivity analysis of bioethanol production from microalgae in a tropical country

Hossain, N; Zaini, J; Indra Mahlia, TM

Life cycle assessment, energy balance and sensitivity analysis of bioethanol production from microalgae in a tropical country

Hossain, N Zaini, J Indra Mahlia, TM

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2019, 115
Issue Date:: 2019-11-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Hossain, N	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Zaini, J	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Indra Mahlia, TM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-929X	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	2020-04-14T06:58:17Z
dc.date.available	2020-04-14T06:58:17Z
dc.date.issued	2019-11-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2019, 115	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1364-0321	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/139988
dc.description.abstract	© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Overuse of petroleum and ongoing carbon-di-oxide (CO2) rise in the air of Brunei Darussalam has been emerged as a major environmental concern in this country. To resolve this issue, a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of alternative biofuel, bioethanol production from microalgae was demanded for realistic implementation. Therefore, LCA of bioethanol production from microalgae in terms of CO2 emission and energy balance was investigated based on the scenario of industrial-scale in Brunei Darussalam. This study demonstrated that 220 tons microalgae biomass was cultivated on 6 ha offshore lands for commercial bioethanol generation. The annual outcome of this commercial bioethanol plant has revealed net CO2 balance 218.86 ton. From the energy perspective, this study manifested itself as favourable with net energy ratio, 0.45 and net energy balance, −2749.6 GJ y−1. Apart from CO2 balance and energy generation aspect, the project demanded low water and land footprints. For photobioreactor cultivation, water and land footprints were 2 m3 GJ−1 and 2 m2 GJ−1, respectively as well as for open pond approach, they were 87 m3 GJ−1 and 13 m2 GJ−1, respectively. The project also presented microalgae growth supplements (phosphorus and nitrogen) accumulation possibilities from wastewater of manure and industries which is another positive aspect for benign environment. Overall, the commercial plant presented low CO2 emission, low land and water demand for microalgae cultivation, alternative eco-friendly and cheaper nutrients sources, quite high energy generation with main product and by-products. Thus, this study projected positive impact on energy and environmental aspects of microalgae-to-bioethanol conversion.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.rser.2019.109371	en_US
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject.classification	Energy	en_US
dc.title	Life cycle assessment, energy balance and sensitivity analysis of bioethanol production from microalgae in a tropical country	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	115	en_US
utslib.for	09 Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/School of Information, Systems and Modelling
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CAMGIS - Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial lnformation Systems
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	115	en_US

Abstract:

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Overuse of petroleum and ongoing carbon-di-oxide (CO2) rise in the air of Brunei Darussalam has been emerged as a major environmental concern in this country. To resolve this issue, a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of alternative biofuel, bioethanol production from microalgae was demanded for realistic implementation. Therefore, LCA of bioethanol production from microalgae in terms of CO2 emission and energy balance was investigated based on the scenario of industrial-scale in Brunei Darussalam. This study demonstrated that 220 tons microalgae biomass was cultivated on 6 ha offshore lands for commercial bioethanol generation. The annual outcome of this commercial bioethanol plant has revealed net CO2 balance 218.86 ton. From the energy perspective, this study manifested itself as favourable with net energy ratio, 0.45 and net energy balance, −2749.6 GJ y−1. Apart from CO2 balance and energy generation aspect, the project demanded low water and land footprints. For photobioreactor cultivation, water and land footprints were 2 m3 GJ−1 and 2 m2 GJ−1, respectively as well as for open pond approach, they were 87 m3 GJ−1 and 13 m2 GJ−1, respectively. The project also presented microalgae growth supplements (phosphorus and nitrogen) accumulation possibilities from wastewater of manure and industries which is another positive aspect for benign environment. Overall, the commercial plant presented low CO2 emission, low land and water demand for microalgae cultivation, alternative eco-friendly and cheaper nutrients sources, quite high energy generation with main product and by-products. Thus, this study projected positive impact on energy and environmental aspects of microalgae-to-bioethanol conversion.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/139988