Veerraie-järgsed muutused alustaimestikus Tartu- ja Valgamaa katsealadel
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadav alates
08.09.2023
Autorid
Siller, Mari-Liis
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Euroopa Liidu liikmesriikide ja ka Eesti jaoks on bioloogiline mitmekesisus ja säästev
metsandus olulised teemad. Seega püütakse viimasel ajal rakendada metsaraies rohkem
turberaie viise. Kuna neid on vähe uuritud, siis käesolev magistritöö uurib veerraiete mõju
alustaimestikule. Töös analüüsitakse nelja katseala põhjal, millised muutused on
toimunud veerraie-järgselt alustaimestikus, kasutades võrdluseks raie-eelselt kirjeldatud
püsiprooviruutude andmeid samadelt katsealadelt. Samuti hinnatakse, kas taimestik
muutub servamõju tõttu ka veeru kõrval asuvas metsaosas. Eeldatakse varasemate
uuringute põhjal, et kõige suuremad muutused on toimunud veergudel soontaimede ja
sammaltaimede liigirikkuses, koosseisus ja katvuses.
Tööks vajalikud andmed koguti alustaimestiku püsiprooviruutudelt katsealadelt JS268-6,
AA142-50, TT242-12, KM047-5 8-9. aastat pärast raiet. Kogutud andmeid võrreldi
juhendaja poolt enne raiet ja 1. aasta pärast raiet kogutud andmetega.
Tulemustest selgus et veerraie ei avalda soontaimede ja sammalde liigirikkusele
negatiivset mõju. Veerraiega kaasnevad olulised muutused alustaimestiku koosseisus
veeru alal. Ka suurimad muutused alustaimestiku liikide arvus ja katvuses ilmnesid veerul.
Taimestiku koosseis servaala ruutudel oluliselt ei muutunud ning tugevat servamõju ei
täheldatud.
Biological diversity and sustainable forestry are important topics for European Union as well as for Estonia. Therefore, in recent years, there has been an increased emphasis on applying shelterwood cutting methods. Since these methods are relatively understudied, this master's thesis investigates the impact of strip felling on ground vegetation. The study analyzes changes in ground vegetation based on four experimental sites, using pre-cutting data from permanent sample plots compared to post-cutting data from the same sites. Additionally, the study assesses whether vegetation changes occur due to edge effects in the adjacent forest area. Based on previous research, it is expected that the most significant changes will occur in terms of species richness, composition, and coverage of vascular plants and bryophytes in the cut areas. Data were collected from permanent sample plots of ground vegetation (JS268-6, AA142-50, TT242-12, KM047-5) eight to nine years after strip felling. The collected data were compared with pre-cutting data collected by the supervisor and data collected one year after logging. The results revealed that strip felling did not have a negative impact on the species richness of vascular plants and bryophytes. However, significant changes in the composition of ground vegetation were observed in the logged areas. The most substantial changes in species number and coverage of ground vegetation occurred also in the cut areas. The vegetation composition in the edge area plots did not change significantly, and strong edge effects were not observed.
Biological diversity and sustainable forestry are important topics for European Union as well as for Estonia. Therefore, in recent years, there has been an increased emphasis on applying shelterwood cutting methods. Since these methods are relatively understudied, this master's thesis investigates the impact of strip felling on ground vegetation. The study analyzes changes in ground vegetation based on four experimental sites, using pre-cutting data from permanent sample plots compared to post-cutting data from the same sites. Additionally, the study assesses whether vegetation changes occur due to edge effects in the adjacent forest area. Based on previous research, it is expected that the most significant changes will occur in terms of species richness, composition, and coverage of vascular plants and bryophytes in the cut areas. Data were collected from permanent sample plots of ground vegetation (JS268-6, AA142-50, TT242-12, KM047-5) eight to nine years after strip felling. The collected data were compared with pre-cutting data collected by the supervisor and data collected one year after logging. The results revealed that strip felling did not have a negative impact on the species richness of vascular plants and bryophytes. However, significant changes in the composition of ground vegetation were observed in the logged areas. The most substantial changes in species number and coverage of ground vegetation occurred also in the cut areas. The vegetation composition in the edge area plots did not change significantly, and strong edge effects were not observed.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Metsamajanduse ja metsaökoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, veerraie, alustaimestik, indikaatorliigid, sammaltaimed, soontaimed