Suvinisu saagikus ja kvaliteet mahe- ja tavatootmises erinevate külvisenormide korral
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Kuupäev
2024
Kättesaadav alates
30.08.2024
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Viimaste aastate kõrged tootmissisendite hinnad põllumajanduses on pannud tavaviljeluse tootjaid mõtlema oma ettevõtte jätkusuutlikkusele ja viljelusviisi muutmisele mahedaks. Seevastu on mahevilja hinnad langenud pea samale tasemele tavaviljelusega. Töö eesmärgiks oli leida optimaalne külvisenorm suvinisule mahe- ja tavaviljeluse põllumajandustootmises. Uurimistöö aluseks oli 2023. aastal läbi viidud kuue variandiga põldkatse Agroteenused OÜ tootmispõllul, kus rakendati kolme erinevat külvisenormi: 450, 600 ja 750 idanevat seemet/m2 mahe- ja tavaviljelusviisi puhul. Saagikuse ja kvaliteedi määramiseks koguti igalt katseribalt kolm proovi (kokku 18 proovi). Saagikuse andmed koguti kombainiga ja kvaliteet määrati laboris, mida hiljem statistiliselt analüüsiti kasutades programme MS Excel ja Statistica 13. Külvisenormi vähendamine tagas mõlema viljelusviisi puhul kõrgema saagikuse ning suurim saak saadi 450 idanevat seemet/m2 külvisenormiga tavaviljeluse variandis. Kvaliteedilt ületasid tavaviljeluse katsed keskmiselt kõiki maheviljeluse katseid. Majanduslikust arvestusest selgus, et maheviljeluse katsed olid tavaviljelusega võrreldes kasumlikumad, nendest kõige kasumlikum 75%-lise külvisenormiga variant. Tulemuste kinnitamiseks peab sarnast katset kordama erinevate muldade ja sortide puhul ning erinevate ilmastikutingimustega.
High input prices in agriculture during recent years have made conventional farmers think about the sustainability of their business and changing the farming method to organic farming. On the other hand, the prices of organic crops have fallen to almost the same level as conventionally farmed crops. The aim of the work was to find the optimal seeding rate for spring wheat in organic and conventional farming methods. The basis of the research was a field experiment with six variants carried out in 2023 on the production field of Agroteenused OÜ, where three different sowing rates were applied: 450, 600 and 750 germinating seeds/m2 for both - organic and conventional farming methods. Three samples were collected from each experiment plot (18 samples in total) to determine yield and quality. The yield data was collected with a combine harvester and the quality was determined in the labor, which was later statistically analyzed using the programs MS Excel and Statistica 13. Reducing the seeding rate ensured a higher yield in both farming methods, and the highest yield was obtained in the conventional farming variant with a seeding rate of 450 germinating seeds/m2. In terms of quality, on average the conventional farming experiments exceeded all the organic farming experiments. The economic analysis showed that the organic farming experiments were more profitable compared to conventional farming, the most profitable of them being the 75% sowing rate option. To confirm the results, a similar experiment must be repeated on different soils and cultivars with different weather conditions.
High input prices in agriculture during recent years have made conventional farmers think about the sustainability of their business and changing the farming method to organic farming. On the other hand, the prices of organic crops have fallen to almost the same level as conventionally farmed crops. The aim of the work was to find the optimal seeding rate for spring wheat in organic and conventional farming methods. The basis of the research was a field experiment with six variants carried out in 2023 on the production field of Agroteenused OÜ, where three different sowing rates were applied: 450, 600 and 750 germinating seeds/m2 for both - organic and conventional farming methods. Three samples were collected from each experiment plot (18 samples in total) to determine yield and quality. The yield data was collected with a combine harvester and the quality was determined in the labor, which was later statistically analyzed using the programs MS Excel and Statistica 13. Reducing the seeding rate ensured a higher yield in both farming methods, and the highest yield was obtained in the conventional farming variant with a seeding rate of 450 germinating seeds/m2. In terms of quality, on average the conventional farming experiments exceeded all the organic farming experiments. The economic analysis showed that the organic farming experiments were more profitable compared to conventional farming, the most profitable of them being the 75% sowing rate option. To confirm the results, a similar experiment must be repeated on different soils and cultivars with different weather conditions.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, suvinisu, külvisenorm, saagikus, kvaliteet