Enhancing waste management strategies in Latin America under a holistic environmental assessment perspective: A review for policy support
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Margallo Blanco, María; Ziegler Rodriguez, Kurt; Vázquez Rowe, Ian; Aldaco García, Rubén; Irabien Gulías, José Ángel; Kahhat Abedrabbo, Ramzy FrancisFecha
2019-11-01Derechos
© 2019. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license
Publicado en
Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 689, 1255-1275
Editorial
Elsevier
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Palabras clave
Industrial ecology
Landfill
Life Cycle Assessment
Municipal solid waste
Waste management
Resumen/Abstract
Waste remains a serious environmental and human health hazard in developing nations, including those in Latin America and the Caribbean (LA&C). Despite important breakthroughs in waste management in LA&C, the region still faces many challenges that require special attention, such as the existence of uncontrolled open dumpsters (33%) or the low recovery rates of waste fractions (below 4%). Moreover, the adoption of sophisticated waste management technologies, such as incineration or anaerobic digestion, is still lagging. This review paper provides environmentally-sound and relevant policy support for municipal solid waste management stakeholders through a critical review of the current situation of the waste management sector in LA&C from an environmental perspective. Thereafter, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) bibliography linked to waste management, namely collection, sorting, recycling and landfilling applications and technologies worldwide, is used in order to understand potential alternative waste management strategies in LA&C, as well as the potential environmental benefits that could be attained. Finally, based on the holistic review and analysis, the adoption of more sophisticated technologies in landfill sites (e.g. landfill gas flaring), waste-to-energy, as well as higher recycling rates, would enhance waste management in the region and mitigate environmental impacts. A holistic view to support policy formulations, including climate action, for the adoption of integrated waste management strategies in LA&C is imperative.
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