Diseño de la interpretación ambiental y análisis de capacidad de carga turística del sendero colonial del parque natural Chicaque (San Antonio Del Tequendama - Cundinamarca)

Abstract

The characterization of the biophysical and sociocultural tourist resources of the Colonial Path of the Natural Reserve of the Civil Society "Parque Natural Chicaque" was carried out. The geographical and cultural environment of the trail was inventoried by sighting in transect walks. For the flora component, four plots of 0.05 ha were established and free collections for the arboreal and shrubby composition. Fauna data, in the case of birds and herpes, were raised through workshops with experts and local inhabitants and secondary information reported in the results of research conducted in the park and surrounding areas; for mammals, the reports were taken with photo trapping and historical records of the reserve. Tourism resources were identified based on the criteria of local experts, guides and park officials, and their interpretative potential was determined and ranked based on the multicriteria evaluation carried out in a feedback workshop. The tourist load capacity of the trail was estimated and divided into four levels: physical, real, management and effective. We found 53 species of flora in the sampling by plot and 33 in the free collection; 47 of birds, 20 mammals of which 6 were captured in trap chambers and 12 species of herpes; 16 tourism resources were identified, 12 of biophysical type and 4 sociocultural. The cloud forest was highlighted as the resource with the greatest interpretive potential in the hierarchy generated. The maximum estimated number of visitors is 83 visitors / day, 2,476 visitors / month and 30,116 visitors / year, when comparing the resulting limits with the current visit rates, it is verified that the load capacity is within acceptable limits on the trail. Finally, 10 interpretation stations selected through multicriteria analysis are identified: El Refugio, Bosque de Niebla, Sendero Colonial, Quebrada la Playa, Robledal, Mirador Provincia de San Antonio del Tequendama, Montaña de Chicaque, avistamiento de aves y singularidades de fauna como el Inca negro y el Oso perezoso. With the information gathered, the proposal for environmental interpretation was generated taking into account the objectives, the general profile of the visitor, the current tourist conditions and activities and the general theme. Based on the above, the content of the elements of interpretation and the action plan for its implementation were suggested. With this study the first contribution is made for the generation of the environmental interpretation plan of the park, contributing to the management and sustainable planning of tourism in the protected area.