Coeficiente de cultura e lâmina ótima de irrigação para a melancia, na microrregião de Teresina, Pi
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Data
2012-10-18
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Meio Norte, em Teresina, PI, foi determinar o Kc da melancia nos diferentes estádios fenológicos e definir a lâmina ótima, visando o manejo racional da irrigação. Os tratamentos constaram de cinco lâminas de irrigação (50, 75, 100, 125, 150% da evapotranspiração de referencia – ETo) e três cultivares de melancia (Shadow, Top Gun e Crimson Sweet). Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, com as cultivares Shadow, Top Gun e Crimson Sweet nas subparcelas e as lâminas de irrigação, nas parcelas. A semeadura foi realizada em ambiente protegido, após 12 dias transcorridos foram transplantadas para o campo, em com espaçamento de 2,0 m entre fileiras e 1,0 m entre plantas. A aplicação de água foi realizada por um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento. O manejo da irrigação foi realizado diariamente, com base nos valores diários de ETo, estimados por Penman- Monteith, usando os elementos climáticos diários de temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar, radiação solar e velocidade do vento, os quais foram obtidos da estação agrometeorológica automática. As cultivares foram avaliadas quanto aos componentes de produção, qualidade dos frutos, eficiência do uso de água e avaliação econômica. Os valores médios de Kc foram 0,39; 0,80; 1,14; 0,59 (Crimson Sweet); 0,35; 0,72; 1,20; 0,30 (Top Gun) e 0,34; 0,58; 0,89;0,55 (Shadow), para as fases inicial, vegetativa, intermediária e maturação, respectivamente. A maior produtividade na pesquisa foi obtida pela cultivar Top Gun (41.976 kg.ha-1) com uma lâmina total de 232,78 mm. O hibrido Top Gun, destacou-se por apresentar um teor de 7,1 mg/kg de ácido ascórbico numericamente mais expressivo em...
The goal of this work, that was conducted on the Experimental Field of Embrapa Middle North, in Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil, was to appoint/set the Kc values of the watermelon at different phonological phases and set the irrigation depth optimum , in order to rationally the irrigation management. The treatments were five irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, 150% of the reference evapotranspiration) and three watermelon cultivars (Shadow, Top Gun and Crimson Sweet). The treatments were placed in an experimental design of randomized blocks, with subdivided plots, with four repetitions, with cultivars (Shadow, Top Gun and Crimson Sweet) at the sub-plots and the irrigation depths at the plots. The sowing was set at a protect environment and after 12 days were transplanted to the field with 2,0m of spacing between ranks and 1,0m between plants. The application of water was held by a drip irrigation system. The irrigation management was carried out daily by soil – water balance method, at Excel spreadsheets, based on reference evapotranspiration daily values estimated by Penman – Monteith equation, using of the climatic elements: air temperature, relative humidity of the air, solar mdiation and wind speed, which were obtained from the automatic weather station. The cultivars were evaluated for the production components, fruits quality, efficiency of the water use and economic evaluation. The average values of Kc obtained were 0,39; 0,80; 1,14; 0,59 (Crimson Sweet); 0,35; 0,72; 1,20; 0,30 (Top Gun) and 0,34; 0,58; 0,89; 0,55 (Shadow), for the initial, vegetative, intermediate and maturation phase, respectively. The bighest productivity was gathered by the Top Gun cultivar (41,976 kg.ha-1) with a depth total of 232.78 mm. The hybrid Top Gun stood out for presenting a percentage of 7.1mg / kg of AASC more... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The goal of this work, that was conducted on the Experimental Field of Embrapa Middle North, in Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil, was to appoint/set the Kc values of the watermelon at different phonological phases and set the irrigation depth optimum , in order to rationally the irrigation management. The treatments were five irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, 150% of the reference evapotranspiration) and three watermelon cultivars (Shadow, Top Gun and Crimson Sweet). The treatments were placed in an experimental design of randomized blocks, with subdivided plots, with four repetitions, with cultivars (Shadow, Top Gun and Crimson Sweet) at the sub-plots and the irrigation depths at the plots. The sowing was set at a protect environment and after 12 days were transplanted to the field with 2,0m of spacing between ranks and 1,0m between plants. The application of water was held by a drip irrigation system. The irrigation management was carried out daily by soil – water balance method, at Excel spreadsheets, based on reference evapotranspiration daily values estimated by Penman – Monteith equation, using of the climatic elements: air temperature, relative humidity of the air, solar mdiation and wind speed, which were obtained from the automatic weather station. The cultivars were evaluated for the production components, fruits quality, efficiency of the water use and economic evaluation. The average values of Kc obtained were 0,39; 0,80; 1,14; 0,59 (Crimson Sweet); 0,35; 0,72; 1,20; 0,30 (Top Gun) and 0,34; 0,58; 0,89; 0,55 (Shadow), for the initial, vegetative, intermediate and maturation phase, respectively. The bighest productivity was gathered by the Top Gun cultivar (41,976 kg.ha-1) with a depth total of 232.78 mm. The hybrid Top Gun stood out for presenting a percentage of 7.1mg / kg of AASC more... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Melancia, Manejo da irrigação, Irrigação agricola, Evapotranspiração, Irrigation scheduling
Como citar
FERREIRA, Valber Mendes. Coeficiente de cultura e lâmina ótima de irrigação para a melancia, na microrregião de Teresina, Pi. 2012. xii, 99 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.