Genetic diversity among volunteer donors of bone marrow in southeastern Brazil, according to the HLA system
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Data
2014-04-14
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Editor
Associação Paulista de Medicina (APM)
Resumo
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO:Para a realização de transplantes de medula óssea com material alogênico, é necessária a verificação de histocompatibilidade das moléculas do sistema HLA (human leukocyte antigen), fundamental para o sucesso desses transplantes. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar os doadores de medula óssea segundo gênero, idade, etnia e grupos HLA de um centro regional de hemoterapia brasileiro.TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL:Estudo descritivo dos doadores cadastrados em um centro regional de hemoterapia de um hospital público universitário da região Sudeste do Brasil.MÉTODOS:Foram consultadas as fichas dos 66.780 doadores cadastrados entre 2005 e junho de 2011 e tabuladas as variáveis estudadas.RESULTADOS:Encontrou-se distribuição equilibrada entre os gêneros, e 82,8% dos doadores tinham até 45 anos de idade. Quanto à etnia auto-referida, 77,3% se apresentaram como brancos, 15,0% como pardos, 5,7% como negros, os 2% restantes dividindo-se em outras etnias. Quanto à caracterização imunogenética, no grupo alélico HLA-A, o mais frequente foi o HLA-A*02, com 39,20%; no grupo alélico HLA-B, o mais comum foi o HLA-B*35, com 14,18%; no grupo alélico HLA-DRB1, o mais frequente foi o HLA-DRB1*03, com 17,03% do total de doadores. Quando esses resultados são comparados com os dados do cadastro nacional de doadores (REDOME), observam-se diferenças demográficas e imunogenéticas, que se explicam pelo histórico de imigração da região de Ribeirão Preto, no Sudeste brasileiro.CONCLUSÕES:Os resultados encontrados reforçam a importância de conhecer o perfil demográfico e imunogenético das regiões do Brasil, para reduzir o tempo de espera por um doador histocompatível.
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Checking the histocompatibility of the molecules of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is vital for performing bone marrow transplantation with allogeneic material. The objective of this study was to characterize bone marrow donors according to gender, age, ethnicity and HLA groups at a regional hemotherapy center in Brazil.DESIGN AND SETTING:Descriptive study on registered donors at a regional hemotherapy center in a public university hospital in the southeastern region of Brazil.METHODS:The records of 66,780 donors who were registered between 2005 and June 2011 were consulted, and the variables studied were tabulated.RESULTS:There were equal numbers of male and female donors and 82.8% of them were under 45 years of age. In terms of ethnicity, 77.3% declared themselves to be white, 15.0% mixed race, 5.7% black and 2% others. In terms of immunogenetic characterization, the most frequent HLA-A allelic group was HLA-A*02, with 39.20% of the donors; in the HLA-B allelic group, the most common was HLA-B*35, with 14.18%; while in the HLA-DRB1 allelic group, the most frequent was HLA-DRB1*03, with 17.03%. Comparison between these results and data from the Brazilian Bone Marrow Donor Registry (REDOME) showed that there were demographic and immunogenetic differences due to the history of immigration in the region of Ribeirão Preto, in southeastern Brazil.CONCLUSIONS:The results reinforce the importance of understanding the demographic and immunogenic profile of regions of Brazil, in order to reduce the waiting time for a histocompatible donor.
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Checking the histocompatibility of the molecules of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is vital for performing bone marrow transplantation with allogeneic material. The objective of this study was to characterize bone marrow donors according to gender, age, ethnicity and HLA groups at a regional hemotherapy center in Brazil.DESIGN AND SETTING:Descriptive study on registered donors at a regional hemotherapy center in a public university hospital in the southeastern region of Brazil.METHODS:The records of 66,780 donors who were registered between 2005 and June 2011 were consulted, and the variables studied were tabulated.RESULTS:There were equal numbers of male and female donors and 82.8% of them were under 45 years of age. In terms of ethnicity, 77.3% declared themselves to be white, 15.0% mixed race, 5.7% black and 2% others. In terms of immunogenetic characterization, the most frequent HLA-A allelic group was HLA-A*02, with 39.20% of the donors; in the HLA-B allelic group, the most common was HLA-B*35, with 14.18%; while in the HLA-DRB1 allelic group, the most frequent was HLA-DRB1*03, with 17.03%. Comparison between these results and data from the Brazilian Bone Marrow Donor Registry (REDOME) showed that there were demographic and immunogenetic differences due to the history of immigration in the region of Ribeirão Preto, in southeastern Brazil.CONCLUSIONS:The results reinforce the importance of understanding the demographic and immunogenic profile of regions of Brazil, in order to reduce the waiting time for a histocompatible donor.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Antígenos de histocompatibilidade, Transplante, Antígenos HLA, Medula óssea, Saúde Pública, Histocompatibility antigens, Transplantation, HLA antigens, Bone marrow, Public health
Como citar
Sao Paulo Medical Journal. Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, v. 132, n. 3, p. 158-162, 2014.