Seletividade de tratamentos herbicidas em mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar CTC14
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2016-11-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Um novo sistema de plantio de cana-de-açúcar, utilizando mudas-pré-brotadas (MPB) em substituição aos fragmentos de colmos de cana fundamenta a hipótese deste trabalho de que poderá haver intoxicação nas mudas pelos herbicidas que são aplicados em pré emergência da cultura no sistema tradicional. Portanto, objetivou-se neste estudo verificar a seletividade de tratamentos de herbicidas aplicados em pré-plantio da MPB de cana-de-açúcar. Foi realizado um experimento a campo, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, utilizando sete tratamentos (T1: 720 g i.a.ha-1 oxifluorfen + 600 g i.a.ha-1 sulfentrazone; T2: 720 g i.a. ha-1oxifluorfen + 2500 g i.a. ha-1 atrazina; T3: 1100 g i.a. ha-1 tebutiuron + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T4: 1920g i.a. ha-1 s-metolaclor + 600g i.a. ha-1sulfentrazone; T5: 1008 g i.a. ha-1 clomazone + 2500 g i.a. ha-1 atrazina; T6: 1080 g i.a. ha-1 clomazone + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T7: testemunha capinada) em 4 repetições, na cultivar CTC14. Após a sulcação, foi realizada a pulverização dos herbicidas e, após 24 horas, o plantio das mudas. No início do desenvolvimento das mudas todos os tratamentos com herbicida causaram fitointoxicação, mas com o crescimento e desenvolvimento das mudas os sintomas foram diminuindo, não havendo diferença de altura, diâmetro de colmos, número de folhas, eficiência quântica do FII (Fv/Fm) e matéria seca das plantas entre os tratamentos como, também, na produtividade e características tecnológicas dos colmos não houve diferença significativa. Todos os herbicidas utilizados foram seletivos às mudas de cana-de-açúcar no sistema MPB quando aplicados em pré-plantio.
A new sugarcane planting system, using seedlings, pre-sprouted (MPB) to replace the cane stalks substantiates the hypothesis of this study that there might be intoxication the seedlings by herbicides that are sprayed in pre emergence of the crop in traditional system. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the selectivity of herbicides treatments applied in pre-planting “MPB” sugarcane. An experiment in the field was conducted in a randomized block design, using seven treatments (T1: 720 g i.a. ha-1 oxifluorfen + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T2: 720 g i.a.ha-1 oxifluorfen + 2500 g i.a. ha-1 atrazina; T3: 1100 g i.a. ha-1 tebutiuron + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T4: 1920 g i.a. ha-1 s-metolaclor + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T5: 1008 g i.a. ha-1 clomazone + 2500 g i.a. ha-1 atrazina; T6: 1080 g i.a. ha-1 clomazone + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T7: weeded control) in 4 replications in a commercial variety, CTC14. After furrow herbicides were sprayed and 24 hours after, planting the seedlings. Early in the development of seedlings all herbicide treatments showed phytotoxicity, but with the growth and development of culture the symptoms have diminished, with no height difference, stalk diameter, number of leaves, quantum efficiency of FII (Fv / Fm) and dry matter, between the treatments and in the harvest, there was no significant difference between the average productivity and technological characteristics to the stalks. All herbicides treatments were selective when applied in pre-planting to “MPB” system.
A new sugarcane planting system, using seedlings, pre-sprouted (MPB) to replace the cane stalks substantiates the hypothesis of this study that there might be intoxication the seedlings by herbicides that are sprayed in pre emergence of the crop in traditional system. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the selectivity of herbicides treatments applied in pre-planting “MPB” sugarcane. An experiment in the field was conducted in a randomized block design, using seven treatments (T1: 720 g i.a. ha-1 oxifluorfen + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T2: 720 g i.a.ha-1 oxifluorfen + 2500 g i.a. ha-1 atrazina; T3: 1100 g i.a. ha-1 tebutiuron + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T4: 1920 g i.a. ha-1 s-metolaclor + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T5: 1008 g i.a. ha-1 clomazone + 2500 g i.a. ha-1 atrazina; T6: 1080 g i.a. ha-1 clomazone + 600 g i.a. ha-1 sulfentrazone; T7: weeded control) in 4 replications in a commercial variety, CTC14. After furrow herbicides were sprayed and 24 hours after, planting the seedlings. Early in the development of seedlings all herbicide treatments showed phytotoxicity, but with the growth and development of culture the symptoms have diminished, with no height difference, stalk diameter, number of leaves, quantum efficiency of FII (Fv / Fm) and dry matter, between the treatments and in the harvest, there was no significant difference between the average productivity and technological characteristics to the stalks. All herbicides treatments were selective when applied in pre-planting to “MPB” system.
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Palavras-chave
Saccharum spp, Fitointoxicação, Produtos seletivos, Phytointoxication, Selective products