Imunoproteômica do oomiceto Pythium insidiosum: antígenos candidatos ao diagnóstico da pitiose equina
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2020-02-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A pitiose, cujo agente etiológico é o oomiceto Pythium insidiosum, é uma doença emergente que ocorre principalmente em países tropicais e subtropicais, afetando diversas espécies animais, sendo mais frequente em cavalos no Brasil e humanos na Tailândia. A doença é difícil de diagnosticar, porque as hifas do patógeno são frequentemente confundidas com mucormicoses ou entomoftoromicoses em cortes histológicos. Além disso, não há antígeno eficiente e específico que possa ser utilizado para o diagnóstico rápido e o tratamento eficiente da pitiose em diferentes espécies. Os antígenos são moléculas que o sistema imunológico reconhece, tornando essas moléculas importantes alvos para o diagnóstico de micro-organismos. Para a identificação de antígenos, a imunoproteômica é considerada uma ferramenta poderosa. Nesse sentido, investigamos quais antígenos de P. insidiosum são reconhecidos pelo soro de equinos no Brasil e por soro de pacientes tailandeses com pitiose, a fim de encontrar proteínas semelhantes que possam ser utilizadas para futuros testes de diagnóstico ou terapia para pitiose. Para identificar as proteínas imunorreativas de P. insidiosum, foram utilizadas abordagens imunoproteômicas, técnica de Western blot, seguida pela identificação de antígenos por espectrometria de massas. Consequentemente, foi possível identificar 23 antígenos reconhecidos entre os soros de equinos e humanos. Sete antígenos foram correspondentes aos soros em ambas espécies: heat shock cognate 70 KDa protein (Hsc 70), heat shock 70 KDa protein (Hsp 70), glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, serine/threonine-protein phosphatase, aconitate hydratase e 14-3-3 protein epsilon. Portanto, esses resultados demonstram que existem antígenos de P. insidiosum comuns entre os soros de equinos e humanos testados que são candidatos a biomarcadores para futuros testes diagnósticos e novos candidatos à terapia da pitiose.
Pythiosis, whose etiological agent is the oomycete Pythium insidiosum, is an lifethreatening disease that occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical countries, affecting several animal species, being more frequent in horses in Brazil and humans in Thailand. The disease is difficult to diagnose, because the pathogen's hyphae are often confused with Mucorales or Entomophthorales fungi in histological sections. In addition, there is no efficient and specific antigen that can be used for the rapid diagnosis and efficient treatment of pythiosis in different species. Antigens are molecules that the immune system recognizes, making these molecules important targets for the diagnosis of microorganisms. For the identification of antigens, immunoproteomics is considered a powerful tool. In this sense, we investigated which P. insidiosum antigens are recognized by horses in Brazil and Thai humans’ serum with pythiosis, in order to find similar proteins that could be used for future diagnostic tests or therapy approaches for pythiosis. To identify the immunoreactive proteins of P. insidiosum, immunoproteomic approaches were used, using the Western blot technique followed by the identification of antigens by mass spectrometry. Consequently, it was possible to identify 23 antigens recognized between the serum of horses and humans. Seven antigens were similar to the two types of serum, being heat shock cognate 70 KDa protein, heat shock 70 KDa protein, glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, fructosebisphosphate aldolase, serine/threonine-protein phosphatase, aconitate hydratase and 14-3-3 protein epsilon. Therefore, these results demonstrate that there are common antigens among the different serum tested and they may be excellent candidates for putative biomarkers for future diagnosis and new approaches for pythiosis therapy.
Pythiosis, whose etiological agent is the oomycete Pythium insidiosum, is an lifethreatening disease that occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical countries, affecting several animal species, being more frequent in horses in Brazil and humans in Thailand. The disease is difficult to diagnose, because the pathogen's hyphae are often confused with Mucorales or Entomophthorales fungi in histological sections. In addition, there is no efficient and specific antigen that can be used for the rapid diagnosis and efficient treatment of pythiosis in different species. Antigens are molecules that the immune system recognizes, making these molecules important targets for the diagnosis of microorganisms. For the identification of antigens, immunoproteomics is considered a powerful tool. In this sense, we investigated which P. insidiosum antigens are recognized by horses in Brazil and Thai humans’ serum with pythiosis, in order to find similar proteins that could be used for future diagnostic tests or therapy approaches for pythiosis. To identify the immunoreactive proteins of P. insidiosum, immunoproteomic approaches were used, using the Western blot technique followed by the identification of antigens by mass spectrometry. Consequently, it was possible to identify 23 antigens recognized between the serum of horses and humans. Seven antigens were similar to the two types of serum, being heat shock cognate 70 KDa protein, heat shock 70 KDa protein, glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, fructosebisphosphate aldolase, serine/threonine-protein phosphatase, aconitate hydratase and 14-3-3 protein epsilon. Therefore, these results demonstrate that there are common antigens among the different serum tested and they may be excellent candidates for putative biomarkers for future diagnosis and new approaches for pythiosis therapy.
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Diagnóstico, Espectrometria de massas, Imunoproteômica, Pitiose, Pythium insidiosum, Diagnosis, Mass spectrometry, Immunoproteomics, Pythiosis