Validação de conteúdo de instrumento de rastreamento para dificuldades alimentares pediátricas e/ou disfagia orofaríngea na infância
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2021-06-10
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Introdução: As dificuldades alimentares pediátricas (DAP) e as disfagias orofaríngeas na infância são freqüentes na prática interdisciplinar pediátrica, sendo fundamental que essas dificuldades e/ou alterações na biomecânica de deglutição sejam identificadas precocemente e potencializem o diagnóstico diferencial na infância. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo elaborar e validar o conteúdo de um instrumento de rastreamento para identificar dificuldades alimentares pediátricas e/ou disfagia orofaríngea na primeira infância. Método: As etapas descritas no método seguiram o protocolo de validação Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (1999). Na primeira fase foi elaborada a versão inicial do instrumento baseada na revisão de literatura e a busca realizada pelo pesquisador nas bases de dados Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo, com os descritores em inglês “feeding behavior; deglutition disorders, feeding, mass screening, validation studies, evaluation, dysphagia, children e, em português, comportamento alimentar, transtornos de deglutição, alimentação, programas de rastreamento, estudos de validação, avaliação, disfagia, crianças”. Posteriormente 10 juízes, dentre eles fonoaudiólogos e outros profissionais da área da saúde, participaram da avaliação do instrumento e avaliaram o conteúdo verificando sua clareza e pertinência, produzindo a segunda versão do instrumento. Foi elaborada ficha de análise para que os juízes pudessem identificar se a questão era adequada ou não com espaço para sugestões quando julgassem necessárias. Realizada análise estatística descritiva, por meio do índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) calculado para cada item do instrumento e para o conjunto de itens, foram aceitos valores acima de 0,78. Após avaliação dos juízes, a banca de especialista composta pelos autores analisou as sugestões e a tomada de decisão seguiu a concordância entre eles. Resultados: A busca na literatura resultou na primeira versão do instrumento com 26 questões. Na análise dos juízes o IVC individual para as questões variou de 0,90 a 1,0 e o IVC total foi de 1,0. Após avaliação dos juízes a banca de especialistas analisou as sugestões e modificou a elaboração escrita de 10 questões, retirou sete questões e a terceira versão permaneceu com 19 questões. Conclusão: O instrumento de rastreamento para dificuldades alimentares pediátricas e/ou disfagia possui validade de conteúdo, porém necessita de validação completa para que possa ser utilizado com acurácia para rastrear e encaminhar precocemente essa população para o diagnóstico.
Introduction: The pediatric feeding disorders (PFD) and/or oropharyngeal dysphagia in childhood are frequent in pediatric interdisciplinary practice, and it is essential that these disorders identified early and enhance the differential diagnosis in childhood. Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the content of a screening tool to identify pediatric feeding disorders and / or oropharyngeal dysphagia in early childhood. Method: The steps described in the method followed the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (1999) validation protocol. In the first phase, the initial version of the instrument was elaborated based on the literature review and the search performed by the researcher in the databases Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo, with the descriptors in English “feeding behavior; deglutition disorders, feeding, mass screening, validation studies, evaluation, dysphagia, children and, in Portuguese comportamento alimentar, transtornos de deglutição, alimentação, programas de rastreamento, estudos de validação, avaliação, disfagia, crianças”. Subsequently, 10 judges, including speech language pathologist and other health professionals, participated in the evaluation of the tool and evaluated the content by checking its clarity and relevance, producing the second version of the tool. An analysis form was prepared so that the judges could identify whether the question was adequate or not, with space for suggestions when they deemed necessary. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and through the content validity index (CVI) calculated for each item of the instrument and for the set of items, and values above 0.78 were accepted. After evaluating the judges, the expert panel composed by the authors analyzed the suggestions and the decision making followed the agreement between them. Results: The literature search resulted in the first version of the screening tool with 26 questions. In the analysis of the judges, the individual CVI for the questions ranged from 0.90 to 1.0 and the total CVI was 1.0. After evaluating the judges, the panel of experts analyzed the suggestions and modified the written elaboration of 10 questions, removed seven questions and the third version remained with 19 questions. Conclusion: The screening tool for pediatric feeding disorders and/or dysphagia has content validity, however it needs complete validation to screen and refer this population early for diagnosis.
Introduction: The pediatric feeding disorders (PFD) and/or oropharyngeal dysphagia in childhood are frequent in pediatric interdisciplinary practice, and it is essential that these disorders identified early and enhance the differential diagnosis in childhood. Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the content of a screening tool to identify pediatric feeding disorders and / or oropharyngeal dysphagia in early childhood. Method: The steps described in the method followed the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (1999) validation protocol. In the first phase, the initial version of the instrument was elaborated based on the literature review and the search performed by the researcher in the databases Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo, with the descriptors in English “feeding behavior; deglutition disorders, feeding, mass screening, validation studies, evaluation, dysphagia, children and, in Portuguese comportamento alimentar, transtornos de deglutição, alimentação, programas de rastreamento, estudos de validação, avaliação, disfagia, crianças”. Subsequently, 10 judges, including speech language pathologist and other health professionals, participated in the evaluation of the tool and evaluated the content by checking its clarity and relevance, producing the second version of the tool. An analysis form was prepared so that the judges could identify whether the question was adequate or not, with space for suggestions when they deemed necessary. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and through the content validity index (CVI) calculated for each item of the instrument and for the set of items, and values above 0.78 were accepted. After evaluating the judges, the expert panel composed by the authors analyzed the suggestions and the decision making followed the agreement between them. Results: The literature search resulted in the first version of the screening tool with 26 questions. In the analysis of the judges, the individual CVI for the questions ranged from 0.90 to 1.0 and the total CVI was 1.0. After evaluating the judges, the panel of experts analyzed the suggestions and modified the written elaboration of 10 questions, removed seven questions and the third version remained with 19 questions. Conclusion: The screening tool for pediatric feeding disorders and/or dysphagia has content validity, however it needs complete validation to screen and refer this population early for diagnosis.
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Comportamento alimentar, Transtornos de deglutição, Alimentação, Programas de rastreamento, Estudos de validação, Feeding behavior, Deglutition disorders, Feeding, Mass screening, Validation studies