Textura do solo e época de chuva sobre a eficácia de herbicidas no controle de espécies de braquiária
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Data
2013-02-19
Autores
Gajego, Evandro Bordignon [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nas grandes culturas agrícolas é cada vez maior a interferência de plantas daninhas e dentre os problemas existentes este é um dos que mais oneram a produção. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar em condições de casa de vegetação a eficácia de diferentes herbicidas, sobre diferentes espécies de braquiárias, pulverizados em pré-emergência em solo seco, bem como o efeito de épocas de chuva após a aplicação destes, em dois tipos de solo. Foi instalado um estudo para cada herbicida em cada tipo de solo testado, sendo um solo de textura argilosa (Neossolo Litólico) e outro de textura média (Latossolo Vermelho-escuro Distrófico). Utilizou-se as espécies, Brachiaria decumbens, B. plantaginea e B. ruziziensis. A semeadura foi realizada em vasos de plástico com capacidade de 4,0 L. Os herbicidas e doses testados foram: imazapic 130 g. ha-1, metribuzin 1.920 g. ha-1, e trifluralin 3.000 g. ha-1. Foi aplicada uma lâmina d‟água de 20 mm em 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 e 16 dias após a pulverização dos herbicidas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado; com quatro repetições e os tratamentos foram dispostos em um esquema fatorial 8x2, no qual se testou oito períodos de chuva após a aplicação do herbicida em dois tipos de solo para cada espécie. Avaliações visuais de fitotoxicidade foram realizadas em intervalos de dois dias após a emergência das plantas (DAE), por um período de 15 dias. O herbicida metribuzin e trifluralin podem permanecer após a sua pulverização em solo seco por até 16 dias sem chuva, sem que sua eficiência de controle das espécies B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, e B. ruziziensis seja afetada. A eficiência de controle do herbicida metribuzin sobre as espécies de braquiárias estudadas foi dependente da textura do solo avaliado. A eficiência do herbicida trifluralin sobre...
In major crops is growing weed interference and problems among this is one of the main factors that increase the production. The aim of this study was to evaluate in terms of greenhouse effectiveness of different species of brachiaria, sprayed pre-emergence in dry soil, and the effect of extreme rainfall after application of these in two soil types. It was installed a study for each herbicide in each soil type tested, being a clay soil (Neossolo Litólico) and a medium texture (Latossolo Vermelho-escuro Distrófico). We used species, Brachiaria decumbens, B. plantaginea and B. ruziziensis. The seeds were sown in plastic pots with a capacity of 4.0 L. Herbicides and doses were tested: 130 g imazapic. ha-1 metribuzin 1.920 g. ha-1 and 3.000 g trifluralin. ha-1. Was applied to a water depth of 20 mm at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 16 days after spraying of the herbicides. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications and treatments were arranged in a 8x2 factorial design, in which we tested eight periods of rain after herbicide application in two soil types for each species. Review of visual phytotoxicity were made every two days after plant emergence (DAE), for a period of 15 days. The herbicide trifluralin and metribuzin may remain after spraying in dry soil for up to 16 days without rain, without his control efficiency of species Brachiaria decumbens, B. plantaginea and B. ruziziensis be affected. The control efficiency of the herbicide metribuzin on brachiaria species studied was dependent on soil texture evaluated. The efficiency of trifluralin on the species B. decumbens and B. ruziziensis was dependent on the texture of the soil studied, as for B. plantaginea the type of soil texture evaluated did not affect the control efficiency of the herbicide trifluralin. The imazapic independent of the control was not satisfactory... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In major crops is growing weed interference and problems among this is one of the main factors that increase the production. The aim of this study was to evaluate in terms of greenhouse effectiveness of different species of brachiaria, sprayed pre-emergence in dry soil, and the effect of extreme rainfall after application of these in two soil types. It was installed a study for each herbicide in each soil type tested, being a clay soil (Neossolo Litólico) and a medium texture (Latossolo Vermelho-escuro Distrófico). We used species, Brachiaria decumbens, B. plantaginea and B. ruziziensis. The seeds were sown in plastic pots with a capacity of 4.0 L. Herbicides and doses were tested: 130 g imazapic. ha-1 metribuzin 1.920 g. ha-1 and 3.000 g trifluralin. ha-1. Was applied to a water depth of 20 mm at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 16 days after spraying of the herbicides. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications and treatments were arranged in a 8x2 factorial design, in which we tested eight periods of rain after herbicide application in two soil types for each species. Review of visual phytotoxicity were made every two days after plant emergence (DAE), for a period of 15 days. The herbicide trifluralin and metribuzin may remain after spraying in dry soil for up to 16 days without rain, without his control efficiency of species Brachiaria decumbens, B. plantaginea and B. ruziziensis be affected. The control efficiency of the herbicide metribuzin on brachiaria species studied was dependent on soil texture evaluated. The efficiency of trifluralin on the species B. decumbens and B. ruziziensis was dependent on the texture of the soil studied, as for B. plantaginea the type of soil texture evaluated did not affect the control efficiency of the herbicide trifluralin. The imazapic independent of the control was not satisfactory... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Capim-braquiaria, Herbicidas, Solos - Absorção e adsorção, Solos - Amostragem, Soils - Sampling
Como citar
GAJEGO, Evandro Bordignon. Textura do solo e época de chuva sobre a eficácia de herbicidas no controle de espécies de braquiária. 2013. viii, 66 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.