Produção de levana e bioetanol utilizando cascas de banana por Zymomona mobilis
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Data
2013-02-21
Autores
Ferreira, Juliana [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Muitos países estão considerando razoável, e necessário, a curto e médio prazo, um constante investimento no estudo de formas, economicamente viáveis, de obtenção de fontes renováveis de energia, com grande destaque para a produção de etanol. O aproveitamento da matéria vegetal desperta grande interesse dos pesquisadores, cientistas e industriais, devido ao fato da mesma ser encontrada em grandes quantidades em vários tipos de resíduos. Por exemplo, só no Brasil, anualmente, tem-se uma geração de 83.537 toneladas de cascas de banana que poderiam ser transformados em etanol. As bactérias alcoólicas da espécie Zymomonas mobilis apresentam atributos tecnológicos que potencializam o seu emprego na fermentação alcoólica. Entretanto, quando sacarose é empregada na fermentação, o rendimento do etanol diminui devido à formação de subprodutos, como levana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito da hidrólise ácida e enzimática de cascas de banana e das condições de fermentação para a produção de etanol e levana, pelo micro-organismo Z. mobilis CCT 4494. Foi avaliado o efeito das variações de pH inicial, temperatura, tempo de incubação e concentração do substrato adicionado aos meios de fermentação (meio sintético e meio com hidrolisado de cascas de banana). Aplicou-se a metodologia de superfície de resposta, seguindo um planejamento fatorial do tipo 2 4-1 , de acordo com o modelo proposto por Box e Hunter. As cascas de banana secas, submetidas à hidrólise ácida por 15 min a 120ºC, seguida de hidrólise enzimática realizada por 24 h, pH 5,5 e temperatura de 50ºC, resultaram em maior concentração de açúcares totais (72,8 mg/mL). A síntese de levana e etanol foi proporcional ao aumento da concentração de açucares totais presente nos meios fermentativos, favorecendo a produção destes...
Many countries are considering reasonable and necessary in a short and medium term, a constant investment in the study of ways, economically viable, to obtain renewable energy sources, most notably for the ethanol production. The use of plant material attracts great interest from researchers, scientists and industrialists due to the fact that it is found in large quantities in various types of waste. For example, only in Brazil, annually, there is a generation of 83.537 tons of banana peels that could be converted into ethanol. The alcoholic bacteria of the species Zymomonas mobilis present technological attributes that enhance their use in alcoholic fermentation. However, when sucrose is used in the fermentation medium, ethanol yield decreases due to the formation of by-products such as levan. The objective of this work was to study the effect of the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of banana peels and the fermentation conditions for the production of ethanol and levan by Z. mobilis CCT 4494. The effect of pH, temperature, time and substrate concentration added to the fermentation media (synthetic media and media containing banana peels hydrolyzate) was evaluated. The response surface methodology was employed, following a 2 4-1 factorial planning, according to the model proposed by Box and Hunter. The dried banana peels, subjected to acid hydrolysis by 15 min at 120°C and enzymatic hydrolysis performed for 24 h at pH 5.5 and 50°C showed better performance in total sugars (72,8 mg/mL). The synthesis of levan and ethanol was proportional to the increase in the total sugars concentration present in the fermentation media, and the production of these was favored in substrate concentration of 250 g/L. The highest yields of ethanol in the synthetic medium (90,2 mg/mL) and in the medium with banana peel... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Many countries are considering reasonable and necessary in a short and medium term, a constant investment in the study of ways, economically viable, to obtain renewable energy sources, most notably for the ethanol production. The use of plant material attracts great interest from researchers, scientists and industrialists due to the fact that it is found in large quantities in various types of waste. For example, only in Brazil, annually, there is a generation of 83.537 tons of banana peels that could be converted into ethanol. The alcoholic bacteria of the species Zymomonas mobilis present technological attributes that enhance their use in alcoholic fermentation. However, when sucrose is used in the fermentation medium, ethanol yield decreases due to the formation of by-products such as levan. The objective of this work was to study the effect of the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of banana peels and the fermentation conditions for the production of ethanol and levan by Z. mobilis CCT 4494. The effect of pH, temperature, time and substrate concentration added to the fermentation media (synthetic media and media containing banana peels hydrolyzate) was evaluated. The response surface methodology was employed, following a 2 4-1 factorial planning, according to the model proposed by Box and Hunter. The dried banana peels, subjected to acid hydrolysis by 15 min at 120°C and enzymatic hydrolysis performed for 24 h at pH 5.5 and 50°C showed better performance in total sugars (72,8 mg/mL). The synthesis of levan and ethanol was proportional to the increase in the total sugars concentration present in the fermentation media, and the production of these was favored in substrate concentration of 250 g/L. The highest yields of ethanol in the synthetic medium (90,2 mg/mL) and in the medium with banana peel... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Palavras-chave
Tecnologia de alimentos, Enzimas - Aplicações industriais, Fermentação, Bioetanol, Hidrolise, Food technology
Como citar
FERREIRA, Juliana. Produção de levana e bioetanol utilizando cascas de banana por Zymomona mobilis. 2013. 93 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho. Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2013.