Balkanlardan Anadolu’ya yöneli̇k göçleri̇n mekânsal etki̇leri̇
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Date
2020-07-28
Authors
Eşim, İbrahim
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Göç hareketleri, mekân üzerinde çeşitli etkilere neden oldukları için coğrafya biliminin de çalışma alanına girmektedir. Bu biliminin temel ilke ve prensiplerine bağlı kalınarak hazırlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, Bursa-Osmangazi sınırları içerisinde Bulgaristan kaynaklı göçlerin mekânsal etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Yüzyıllardan beri yaşadıkları topraklardan, politik nedenlerden dolayı göç etmek zorunda kalan Bulgaristan Türklerinin anavatan olarak gördükleri Türkiye’de iskân edildikleri illerin başında Bursa gelmiştir. Böylece burada çeşitli mekânsal etkilere neden olmuşlardır.
Bu tez çalışması, hem nitel hem de nicel veriler kullanılarak hazırlandığı için karma desenli bir çalışmadır. Ayrıca nitel araştırma yönteminin etnografik deseni ve saha çalışmalarında ise yapılandırılmış mülakat yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma da Bursa ili Osmangazi ilçesinde Bulgaristan kaynaklı göçlerin nüfus, yerleşme örüntüsü, ekonomi, sosyal ve kültürel etkilerinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda konuyla ilgili literatür incelenmiş, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ortamında bulunan veriler taranmış, farklı zamanlarda saha çalışmaları yapılarak belirlenen katılımcılar ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin ise içerik analizleri yapılmış, tablo, grafik ve haritalarla görselleştirilmişlerdir.
Zorunlu olarak meydana gelmiş kitlesel bir göç niteliğinde olan Bulgaristan kaynaklı göçler, Osmangazi İlçesindeki nüfusun miktarında ve yapısında değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Bunların yanı sıra göç hareketleri sonucunda yeni yerleşmeler kurulmuştur. Göçlerin yerleşme üzerine bir diğer etkisi de Bulgaristan kökenli isimlerin yer adı olarak kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Ekonomik anlamda ise başta tarım ve sanayi olmak üzere birçok sektörün gelişmesinde, atıl durumdaki arazilerin kullanılmaya başlanması ve vasıflı iş gücü kazanımı gibi etkilere neden olmuştur. Sosyal ve kültürel açıdan bakıldığı zaman ise çalışma sahası içerisinde Bulgaristan göçmenleri tarafından kurulan yöresel dernek olmadığı belirlenmiş, kültürel açıdan ise Bursa ile uyumlu oldukları tespit edilmiştir
Because the movements of immigration have several effects on the place, they are also involved in the study field of geography. The purpose of this study which is in line with the basic rules and principles of this field of science is to reveal the spatial effects of immigration originating from Bulgaria within the borders of Bursa-Osmangazi. Bursa was one of the main cities for Bulgaria born Turkish people who had to immigrate from the land where they had lived for centuries due to political reasons and where they settled in Turkey, which they regarded as their homeland. Thus, they led to some spatial effects in there. This thesis study was developed with mixed research design using both qualitative and quantitative data. In addition, ethnographic method, one of the qualitative research method and structured interview method in the field studies were used. This study aimed at investigating the effects of immigration originating from Bulgaria on population, settlement pattern, economy, society, and culture. In this direction, the relevant literature was examined, the data on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were scanned, and interviews were carried out with the participants who were determined via carrying out different field studies. Content analysis of the data was carried out and they were visualized with tables, graphs, and maps. The immigrations originating from Bulgaria were a mass immigration that occurred by necessity and thus caused some changes on the number and structure of the population in Osmangazi. In addition to this, new settlements were constructed as a result of the movements of immigration. Another effect of immigration on settlements was that Bulgarian place names were used as the names of settlements. In terms of economy, they had some effects on the development of many sectors involving mainly agriculture and industry, starting to use lands that were not used before, and gaining qualified labour force. Considering social and cultural structure, it was determined that there were not any local organizations founded by the Bulgarian immigrants in the work site, but it was determined that they were culturally compatible with Bursa in terms of.
Because the movements of immigration have several effects on the place, they are also involved in the study field of geography. The purpose of this study which is in line with the basic rules and principles of this field of science is to reveal the spatial effects of immigration originating from Bulgaria within the borders of Bursa-Osmangazi. Bursa was one of the main cities for Bulgaria born Turkish people who had to immigrate from the land where they had lived for centuries due to political reasons and where they settled in Turkey, which they regarded as their homeland. Thus, they led to some spatial effects in there. This thesis study was developed with mixed research design using both qualitative and quantitative data. In addition, ethnographic method, one of the qualitative research method and structured interview method in the field studies were used. This study aimed at investigating the effects of immigration originating from Bulgaria on population, settlement pattern, economy, society, and culture. In this direction, the relevant literature was examined, the data on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were scanned, and interviews were carried out with the participants who were determined via carrying out different field studies. Content analysis of the data was carried out and they were visualized with tables, graphs, and maps. The immigrations originating from Bulgaria were a mass immigration that occurred by necessity and thus caused some changes on the number and structure of the population in Osmangazi. In addition to this, new settlements were constructed as a result of the movements of immigration. Another effect of immigration on settlements was that Bulgarian place names were used as the names of settlements. In terms of economy, they had some effects on the development of many sectors involving mainly agriculture and industry, starting to use lands that were not used before, and gaining qualified labour force. Considering social and cultural structure, it was determined that there were not any local organizations founded by the Bulgarian immigrants in the work site, but it was determined that they were culturally compatible with Bursa in terms of.
Description
Keywords
Göç, Mekânsal etki, Bulgaristan kaynaklı göçler, Bursa, Osmangazi, Bulgaristan Türkleri, Immigration, Spatial effect, Immigrations originating from Bulgaria, Bulgarian Turks
Citation
Eşim, İ. (2020). Balkanlardan Anadolu’ya yöneli̇k göçleri̇n mekânsal etki̇leri̇ (Bursa'daki Bulgaristan göçmenleri örneği). Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.