Kestane (Castanea Spp.) çeşitlerinin kestane gal arısına (Dryocosmus Kuriphilus Yasumatsu) karşı hassasiyetlerinin tomurcuk yapıları ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi
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Date
2019-08-07
Authors
Karaoğlan, Şerife Kaya
Journal Title
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, Bursa ili Yıldırım ilçesi Cumalıkızık köyünde aynı ekolojik koşullarda yetiştiriciliği yapılan dört yerel (‘Allimolla’, ‘Firdola’ ‘N-7-3’, ‘Seyrekdiken’,) ve üç hibrit kestane çeşidi (‘Bouche de Betizac’, ‘Maraval’,‘Marigoule’) yer almıştır. Çeşit/genotiplerde tomurcuk boyutları ve nem oranı ölçülmüş, tomurcuk yapısı incelenmiştir. Vegetatif ve generatif tomurcuklarda kestane gal arısının bıraktığı ortalama yumurta sayısı kayıt edilmiş ve bir tomurcukdaki ortalama yumurta sayısı hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca çeşit/genotiplerin enfekteli tomurcuk oranı ve gal oluşturma oranları tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan ölçüm ve incelemelerde Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsunun (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) yumurta bırakmak için tomurcuk seçiminde; tomurcuk boyutlarının, nem içeriğinin ve tomurcuğun yapısal özelliklerinin bir etkisinin olmadığı saptanmıştır. Zararlının hem generatif hemde vegetatif tomurcuklara yumurta bıraktığı ve ‘Alimolla’, ‘Firdola’, ‘Marigoule’, ‘Seyrekdiken’, ‘Maraval’ çeşitlerinde generatif tomurcukları, gal oluşumu görülmeyen ‘Bouche de Betizac’, ‘N-7-3’ çeşitlerinde vegetatif tomurcukları daha çok tercih ettiği görülmüştür. Bazı çeşitlerin tomurcukları kestane gal arısı (KGA) tarafından daha çok tercih edildiği ve çeşit/genotiplerin tomurcuklarındaki yumurta sayılarının farklı olduğu saptanmıştır. Tüm çeşitlere KGA’nın yumurta bıraktığı ve çeşitlerin tomurcuklarının %80-%95’inin enfekteli (yumurta bırakılmış) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En fazla gal oluşumu ‘Alimolla’, ‘Marigoule’ ‘Firdola’ çeşitlerinde, en az ise ‘Maraval’ çeşidinde belirlenmiştir. ‘Bouche de Betizac’ ve ‘N-7-3’ çeşitlerinde gal oluşumu görülmemiştir.
In this research, four local (‘Allimolla’, 'Firdola’, ‘N-7-3’, ‘Seyrekdiken’,) and three hybrid chestnut cultivars (‘Bouche de Betizac', ‘Maraval’, ‘Marigoule’) were cultivated in the same ecological conditions in Cumalıkızık village of Yıldırım district of Bursa province. Bud sizes and moisture content were measured in the cultivar/genotypes and the bud structure was examined. The average number of eggs in vegetative and generative buds was recorded and number of eggs in one bud was calculated. In addition, infected bud ratio of cultivar/genotypes and gal rendering rates were determined. After measurements and examinations, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) was determined that bud size, moisture content and structural properties of the bud had no effect on the selection of bud for laying eggs. It was observed that the gall wasp laid eggs on both generative and vegetative buds and preferred generative buds in ‘Alimolla’, ‘Firdola’, ‘Marigoule’, ‘Seyrekdiken’, ‘Maraval’ varieties and vegetative buds in gal formation unseen ‘Bouche de Betizac’, ‘N-7-3’ cultivars. It was found that the buds of some cultivars were preferred more by the chestnut gall wasp (CGW) and the number of eggs in the buds of the cultivar/genotypes was different. It was found that CGW lay eggs in all cultivar and %80-95 of the buds of the cultivars were infected (egg laying). The highest gal formation was determined in ‘Alimolla’, ‘Marigoule’ ‘Firdola’ cultivars and the least gal formation was determined in ‘Maraval’ cultivars. Gal formation was not observed in ‘Bouche de Betizac’ and ‘N-7-3’ cultivars.
In this research, four local (‘Allimolla’, 'Firdola’, ‘N-7-3’, ‘Seyrekdiken’,) and three hybrid chestnut cultivars (‘Bouche de Betizac', ‘Maraval’, ‘Marigoule’) were cultivated in the same ecological conditions in Cumalıkızık village of Yıldırım district of Bursa province. Bud sizes and moisture content were measured in the cultivar/genotypes and the bud structure was examined. The average number of eggs in vegetative and generative buds was recorded and number of eggs in one bud was calculated. In addition, infected bud ratio of cultivar/genotypes and gal rendering rates were determined. After measurements and examinations, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) was determined that bud size, moisture content and structural properties of the bud had no effect on the selection of bud for laying eggs. It was observed that the gall wasp laid eggs on both generative and vegetative buds and preferred generative buds in ‘Alimolla’, ‘Firdola’, ‘Marigoule’, ‘Seyrekdiken’, ‘Maraval’ varieties and vegetative buds in gal formation unseen ‘Bouche de Betizac’, ‘N-7-3’ cultivars. It was found that the buds of some cultivars were preferred more by the chestnut gall wasp (CGW) and the number of eggs in the buds of the cultivar/genotypes was different. It was found that CGW lay eggs in all cultivar and %80-95 of the buds of the cultivars were infected (egg laying). The highest gal formation was determined in ‘Alimolla’, ‘Marigoule’ ‘Firdola’ cultivars and the least gal formation was determined in ‘Maraval’ cultivars. Gal formation was not observed in ‘Bouche de Betizac’ and ‘N-7-3’ cultivars.
Description
Keywords
Gal, Kestane, Kestane gal arısı, Tomurcuk yapısı, Gall, Chestnut, Chestnut gall wasp, Bud structure
Citation
Karaoğlan, Ş. K. (2019). Kestane (Castanea Spp.) çeşitlerinin kestane gal arısına (Dryocosmus Kuriphilus Yasumatsu) karşı hassasiyetlerinin tomurcuk yapıları ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.