Ziyâuddîn İbnu'l-Esîr ve edebi tenkitçiliği
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Date
2004
Authors
Şimşek, Cüneyt Mehmet
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Ziyauddîn İbnu'1-Eşîr (ö. 1234) ve Edebî Tenkitçiliği edebî tenkit kurallarına göre ele alıp teorik açıdan ele alınıp incelendi. İbnu'I-Eşîr'in hayatı öncelikli olarak tarihi kaynaklara ve kendi yazdıklarına dayanılarak araştırıldı ve Edebî Tenkitçiliğinin önemli yönleri diğer kaynaklarla da karşılaştırmak suretiyle irdelendi. Araştırmayla ilgili veriler, dokümantasyon metoduyla biraraya getirildi. Müellif, tarihsel olarak islam dünyasının büyük sosyal ve siyasal sorunlarla yüzyüze kaldığı Abbasilerin dördüncü döneminde yaşadı. Söz konusu problemlere rağmen o, kültürel ve bilimsel gelişmelerle göze çarpan Eyyûbî hükümdarlığı sınırları içinde doğup büyüdü. Geniş kültürü, 3-4 dile aşinalığı, Eyyûbî sultanlarına vezirlik ve kâtiplik görevlerinde bulunmasıyla birlikte, ilgi alanlarının genişliği müellifin çok yönlü bir kişiliğe sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer yandan, yaşadığı dönem, Arap Edebî Tenkitçiliğinin sistematik hale gelmesinden bir önceki aşamadır. İbnu'I-Eşîr'in Kelimenin fesahati ve fonetiğiyle ilgili görüşleri, Arap Edebî Tenkitçiliğini büyük ölçüde etkilemiştir. Arap belagat ilminin bir kısmını oluşturan Meânî ilminde ele alman bazı konularda, kimi sınıflandırma farklılıklarıyla birlikte büyük ölçüde önceki bilginlere tabi olmuştur. Onun Beyan ilmine ciddi bir katkısı görünmemekte ve bazı konularını da birbiriyle karıştırdığı gözlemlenmektedir. Eserlerinde Bedi' ilmine müstakil bir başlık açmayarak bu ilmin konularına manevî ve lafzî sanatlar adı altında değinmektedir. Edebî Tenkitçilikte serikat (intihal) konusuna katkısı, nesh maddesinin alt başlıklarının belirlenmesiyle sınırlı olmuştur. Bununla birlikte serikatla ilgili fikirleriyle sonraki belagat çil an etkilemiştir. Ayrıca bedi' ilminin bir konusu olarak kabul edilen 'istidrac' sanatını keşfetmiştir.
In this study, Diya' al-Dîn Ibn al-Athir (d. 1234) and his literary criticism of Arabic Literature was studied theoretically from the point of its rules. The life of Ibn al-Athir was investigated according to the historical sources along with his writings firstly and examined the important aspects of his literary criticism of Arabic Literature compared with other books and critics. Data was collected by documentation method. Ibn al-Athir was raised within the forth period of Abbasid rule in which the islamic world faced great social and political problems. In spite of these problems he was raised within the Eyyubi dynasty which was distinguished by cultural and scientific progress. That he knew more than four languages with his broad cultural background as well as carrying out some administrative duties for the Eyyubi dynasty indicates that he was a very versatile person with a wide variety of interests. On the other hand, the age he lived in was very nearly before the Literary Criticism of Arabic Literature studies became systematic. His views about the eloquence and sound of word have greatly influenced on literary criticism of Arabic Literature. In some subjects dealt with within al-Ma'ani, he followed the previous scholars although he gathered some subjects under different classification in this field. The author did not contributed to any subjects of al-Bayan while he mixed some subjects of it up by the others. He did not assign a separate chapter to al-Badi, instead he studied the subjects of al-Badi under the name of the art of meaning and uttarance (sınaatı maneviyye and lafziyye). His contribution to the concept of plagiarism in Arabic seems to ha restricted to classification of taking over of meaning and uttarance while changing composition and viewpoint of purpose (nash). In addition, he invented 'istidrac' which is regarded as a subject of al-Badi.
In this study, Diya' al-Dîn Ibn al-Athir (d. 1234) and his literary criticism of Arabic Literature was studied theoretically from the point of its rules. The life of Ibn al-Athir was investigated according to the historical sources along with his writings firstly and examined the important aspects of his literary criticism of Arabic Literature compared with other books and critics. Data was collected by documentation method. Ibn al-Athir was raised within the forth period of Abbasid rule in which the islamic world faced great social and political problems. In spite of these problems he was raised within the Eyyubi dynasty which was distinguished by cultural and scientific progress. That he knew more than four languages with his broad cultural background as well as carrying out some administrative duties for the Eyyubi dynasty indicates that he was a very versatile person with a wide variety of interests. On the other hand, the age he lived in was very nearly before the Literary Criticism of Arabic Literature studies became systematic. His views about the eloquence and sound of word have greatly influenced on literary criticism of Arabic Literature. In some subjects dealt with within al-Ma'ani, he followed the previous scholars although he gathered some subjects under different classification in this field. The author did not contributed to any subjects of al-Bayan while he mixed some subjects of it up by the others. He did not assign a separate chapter to al-Badi, instead he studied the subjects of al-Badi under the name of the art of meaning and uttarance (sınaatı maneviyye and lafziyye). His contribution to the concept of plagiarism in Arabic seems to ha restricted to classification of taking over of meaning and uttarance while changing composition and viewpoint of purpose (nash). In addition, he invented 'istidrac' which is regarded as a subject of al-Badi.
Description
Keywords
İbnu’l-Esîr, Ziyâuddîn, Edebî tenkit, Fesahat, Belâgat, Lafız, Mâna, Meânî, Beyân, Bedi, Serikat, Ibn al-Athir, Diya’ al-Dîn, Literary criticism of Arabic Literatüre, Arabic rhetoric, al-Ma’ani, al-Bayan, al-Badi, Eloquence and sound of word, Plagiarism
Citation
Şimşek, C. M. (2004). Ziyâuddîn İbnu'l-Esîr ve edebi tenkitçiliği. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.