We discuss experimental evidence for a nuclear phase transition driven by the different concentrations of neutrons to protons. Different ratios of the neutron to proton concentrations lead to different critical points for the phase transition. This is analogous to the phase transitions occurring in He-4-He-3 liquid mixtures. We present experimental results that reveal the N/A (or Z/A) dependence of the phase transition and discuss possible implications of these observations in terms of the Landau free energy description of critical phenomena.
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Mastinu P. F., Belkacem M., D'Agostino M., Bruno M., Milazzo P. M., Vannini G., Bowman D. R., Colonna N., Dinius J. D., Ferrero A., Fiandri M. L., Gelbke C. K., Glasmacher T., Gramegna F., Handzy D. O., Horn D., Hsi W. C., Huang M., Iori I., Kunde G. J., Lisa M. A., Lynch W. G., Margagliotti G. V., Montoya C. P., Moroni A., Peaslee G. F., Petruzzelli F., Rui R., Schwarz C., Tsang M. B., Williams C., Latora V., Bonasera A., Circumstantial Evidence for Critical Behavior in PeripheralAu+AuCollisions at 35 MeV/nucleon, 10.1103/physrevlett.76.2646
Hagel K., Wada R., Cibor J., Lunardon M., Marie N., Alfaro R., Shen W., Xiao B., Zhao Y., Majka Z., Li J., Staszel P., Li B.-A., Murray M., Keutgen T., Bonasera A., Natowitz J. B., Light particle probes of expansion and temperature evolution: Coalescence model analyses of heavy ion collisions at47A MeV, 10.1103/physrevc.62.034607
Pochodzalla J., Möhlenkamp T., Rubehn T., Schüttauf A., Wörner A., Zude E., Begemann-Blaich M., Blaich Th., Emling H., Ferrero A., Gross C., Immé G., Iori I., Kunde G. J., Kunze W. D., Lindenstruth V., Lynen U., Moroni A., Müller W. F. J., Ocker B., Raciti G., Sann H., Schwarz C., Seidel W., Serfling V., Stroth J., Trautmann W., Trzcinski A., Tucholski A., Verde G., Zwieglinski B., Probing the Nuclear Liquid-Gas Phase Transition, 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1040
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Finocchiaro P., Belkacem M., Kubo T., Latora V., Bonasera A., Second order phase transitions: from infinite to finite systems, 10.1016/0375-9474(96)00040-1
Kubo T., Belkacem M., Latora V., Bonasera A., Intermittency in the Fisher's droplet model, 10.1007/bf01298900
Bibliographic reference
Huang, M. ; Bonasera, A. ; Chen, Z. ; Wada, R. ; Hagel, K. ; et. al. Isospin dependence of the nuclear equation of state near the critical point. In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics), Vol. 81, no. 4 (2010)