蘇軾の自然描寫 : 杭州通判期の詩をめぐって

Abstract

Su Shi often described natural objects being friendly to him in his poems. It shows a progression of personification of natural objects as well as a specific character of Su Shi's view of nature. Since he was an assistant governor of Hangzhou, his personification of natural objects increased in number in his poems. In this paper, I want to pay attention on this period, and consider Su Shi's view of nature as well as his attitude toward poetry. No later than Su Shi arrived in Hangzhou, he visited two buddhist monks in Gushan 孤山 in the middle of the Xihu 西湖 lake. After he came back to his official residence, he wrote this poem :"First Day of the Twelfth Month, an Outing to Gushan to visit the Two Monks Huiqin 惠勤 and Huisi 惠思". In this poem, Su Shi described Gushan as a part of the ordinary society where he could go and come back. But in the other hand, he described it as an unworldly paradise where he could not stay long. Then, in the poems he wrote during the 4th and 5th years of Xining 熈寧 era, Su Shi described many monks who were friendly to natural objects like raindrops, stones and bamboos etc. It shows that Su Shi regarded these monks, who did not seem to move their minds, in accord with natural objects that did not have mind. This stage of monks were in indicates their departure from the ordinary world composed with ordinary people who constantly move their minds. On the 6th year of Xining era, Su Shi described natural objects with feminin character. This description indicates that the landscape spreading in front of Su Shi's eyes was first composed with feminin beauty standards and that was taken into a system of common aesthetic value before becoming a poetic description. As we have seen, during his stay in Hangzhou, Su Shi was at first interested in the way the monks could be in accord with natural objects. But afterwards he became delighted to grasp the beauty of natural objects by human aesthetic value. It seems to show Su Shi's mental discord between life of the recluse and life in the ordinary world, as well as acquisition of confidence in himself who belongs to the ordinary world.