大気オゾンと気象

Abstract

The role of ozone in the atmosphere is reviewed with emphasis on the behavior in the stretosphere.The methods for measuring total amount and the vertical distribution of ozone are described. Ozone measurements from the ground, a satellite and an ozonesonde are summarized.The photochemistry in the pure oxygen atmosphere (Chapman theory) is described and the crucial role of minor constituents such as Nox, Hox and ClOx is stressed.The distribution and the seasonal variation of total ozone are closely related with the planetary waves. The difference in the distribution of total ozone between the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres is due to the difference in the wave activities.The transport of ozone in the stratosphere and the intrusion processes from the stratosphere to the troposphere are shown. The estimation of ozone transport associated with tropopause folding events over Eastern Asia is given.The effect of CFCs on the stratospheric ozone is described. The ozone decrease in the Antarctic region in spring (ozone-hole) is stated briefly. Finally, the importance of radiative role of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone is shown.