CIFOVIS - Artículos y ponencias con arbitraje

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    Climatic and edaphic-based predictors of normalized difference vegetation index in tropical dry landscapes: A pantropical analysis
    (Wiley, 2022-06) DeLaPeña-Domene, Marinés; Rodríguez-Tapia, Gerardo; Mesa-Sierra, Natalia; Rivero-Villar, Anaitzi; Giardina, Christian P.; Johnson, Nels G.; Campo, Julio
    Aim: Spatial patterns in resource supply drive variability in vegetation structure and function, yet quantification of this variability for tropical dry forests (TDFs) remains rudimentary. Several climate-driven indices have been developed to classify and delineate TDFs globally, but there has not been a climo-edaphic synthesis of these indices to assess and delineate the extent of TDFs. A statistical climo-edaphic synthesis of these indices is therefore required. Location: Pantropical. Time period: Modern. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We assembled most known prior descriptions of TDFs into a single data layer and assessed statistically how the TDF biome, which we call tropical dry landscapes (TDLs) composed of forest and non-forest vegetation, varied with respect to the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) sensed by MODIS (250 m pixel resolution). We examined how the NDVI varied with respect to mean annual temperature (MAT) and rainfall (MAR), precipitation regime, evapotranspiration and the physical, chemical and biological properties of TDL soils. Results: Overall, the NDVI varied widely across TDLs, and we were able to identify five principal NDVI categories. A regression tree model captured 90% of NDVI variation across TDLs, with 14 climate and soil metrics as predictors. The model was then pruned to use only the three strongest metrics. These included the Lang aridity index, total evapotranspiration (ET) and MAT, which aligned with identified NDVI thresholds and accounted for 70% of the variation in NDVI. We found that across a global TDL distribution, ET was the strongest positive predictor and MAT the strongest negative predictor of the NDVI. Main conclusions: The remote sensing-based approach described here provides a comprehensive and quantitative biogeographical characterization of global TDL occurrence and the climatic and edaphic drivers of these landscapes.
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    Sistemas silvopastoriles enriquecidos: una propuesta para integrar la conservación en la producción ganadera en comunidades rurales de Los Tuxtlas, México
    (Instituto de Ecología AC, 2022-06) DeLaPeña-Domene, Marinés; Ayestarán-Hernández, Luz M.; Márquez-Torres, José F.; Martínez-Monroy, Fernando; Rivas-Alonso, Edith; Carrasco-Carballido, Patricia V.; Pérez-Cruz, Miguel N.; Chang-Landa, Frankis A.; Martínez-Garza, Cristina
    Antecedentes y Objetivos: La producción ganadera es la principal causa de destrucción del hábitat y de la extinción de especies a nivel mundial. Es también un fuerte contribuyente a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. En Latinoamérica, la ganadería es la principal actividad económica de muchas comunidades rurales, por lo que establecer plantaciones de restauración en pastizales podría brindar servicios ecosistémicos con beneficios directos e indirectos sobre la producción de ganado. Los sistemas silvopastoriles alcanzan niveles de producción iguales o superiores a los sistemas convencionales y prolongan la vida útil de las tierras productivas. Este trabajo examina la integración de sistemas silvopastoriles con la restauración con árboles nativos de importancia económica y para la conservación. Nos referimos a estas parcelas como sistemas silvopastoriles enriquecidos (SSPE). Presentamos los resultados de las primeras etapas de establecimiento de estos sistemas que buscan mejorar los medios de vida de los ganaderos y a mantener la conectividad del paisaje, los servicios ecosistémicos y la conservación de especies de la selva tropical. Métodos: En 2016, establecimos SSPE en una parcela piloto en Los Tuxtlas, México, plantando 16 especies de árboles nativos y Leucaena esculenta (DC.) Benth. como árbol forrajero. Paralelamente, se condujeron talleres de alternativas ganaderas en el ejido de Balzapote para incrementar las posibilidades de incidencia social. Resultados clave: La sobrevivencia de los árboles plantados fue en promedio de 40.7%. La parcela demostrativa ha servido para acercar a los agricultores a diferentes alternativas más productivas. Observamos una reducción en los costos de mantenimiento debido a que los productores no dependen de insumos externos. Conclusiones: Como resultado de la implementación del SSPE, la producción ganadera mejoró, lo que resulta en una disminución en el uso de agroquímicos. Los SSPE brindan complejidad al paisaje que dará como resultado sistemas más resilientes frente al cambio climático.
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    Large trees in restored tropical rainforest
    (Elseviere, 2021-07) Rivas-Alonso, Edith; Martínez-Garza, Cristina; DeLaPeña-Domene, Marinés; Méndez-Toribio, Moisés
    Restoration interventions aim to accelerate forest recovery by skipping the early stages of succession where short-lived early-successional tree species dominate. Large trees (≥30 cm of Diameter at Breast Height [DBH]) provide ecosystem functions, such as carbon storage and acting as stepping stones for the movement of animals through the landscape. Here, we evaluated two mixtures of planted and, unplanted areas to figure out which restoration treatment was more successful in skipping the early stages of succession. For this, we measured forest structure of large trees in restoration settings after 10 years in Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. In 2006, cattle grazing was excluded from 24 plots (30 × 30 m). Eight of those plots were planted with 12 wind-dispersed species, eight plots were planted with 12 animal-dispersed species (a total of 2,304 planted trees), and eight plots were left to undergo natural succession without plantings. Planted and naturally recruited trees have been assessed periodically since 2007. A total of 835 planted and naturally recruited trees of 45 species reached large size. Including all trees (planted and recruited), the richness and abundance of late-successional trees was higher in plantings than under natural succession while richness of large recruits of late-successional species was as higher in plantings as in natural succession. Also, including all trees, plantings of animal-dispersed species have higher richness and abundance of trees dispersed by bats and both bats and birds; while species and trees dispersed by birds were present equally at all treatments. Richness and abundance of bat-dispersed recruits were similar in plantings and natural succession while plantings of wind-dispersed species had higher bird-dispersed recruits. Composition heterogeneity, driven by natural recruitment, was largest for early-successional trees in natural succession. After 10 years, the first stages of succession (20–30 years) were skipped in plantings: plantings have higher abundance of large seeded late-successional species. For an overall increase in composition heterogeneity in permanent agricultural landscapes, we suggest establishing areas to undergo natural succession along with plantings that include a higher percentage of late-successional species with large seeds.
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    A Pantropical Overview of Soils across Tropical Dry Forest Ecoregions
    (MDPI, 2022-06) Rivero-Villar, Anaitzi; DeLaPeña-Domene, Marinés; Rodríguez-Tapia, Gerardo; Giardina, Christian P.; Campo, Julio
    Pantropical variation in soils of the tropical dry forest (TDF) biome is enormously high but has been poorly characterized. To quantify variation in the global distribution of TDF soil physical and chemical properties in relation to climate and geology, we produced a synthesis using 7500 points of data with gridded fields representing lithologic, edaphic, and climatic characteristics. Our analyses reveal that 75 TDF ecoregions across five biogeographic domains (Afrotropical, Australasian, Indo- Malayan, Neotropical, and Oceanian) varied strongly with respect to parent material: sediment (57%), metamorphic (22%), volcanic (13%), and plutonic (7%). TDF ecoregions support remarkably high variability in soil suborders (32), with the Neotropical and Oceanian realms being especially diverse. As a whole, TDF soils trend strongly toward low fertility with strong variation across biogeographic domains. Similarly, the exhibited soil properties marked heterogeneity across biogeographic domains, with soil depth varying by an order of magnitude and total organic C, N, and P pools varying threefold. Organic C and N pool sizes were negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (MAT) and positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAP). By contrast, the distribution of soil P pools was positively influenced by both MAT and MAP and likely by soil geochemistry, due to high variations in soil parent material across the biogeographic domains. The results summarized here raise important questions as to how climate and parent material control soil biogeochemical processes in TDFs.
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    Restoring Mexican Tropical Dry Forests: A National Review
    (MDPI, 2022-03) Mesa-Sierra, Natalia; DeLaPeña-Domene, Marinés; Campo, Julio; Giardina, Christian P.
    Deforestation is the dominant threat to tropical dry forests (TDFs) in Mexico. Its causes include agriculture, tourism, and mining. In some cases, unassisted forest regeneration is sufficient to return diverse forest cover to a site, but in other cases, changes in land use are so severe that active restoration is required to reintroduce tree cover. The ecological and social constraints on TDF restoration in Mexico are poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we synthesized relevant restoration literature for Mexico published between January 1990 and February 2020. We examined 43 unique articles about TDF restoration practices in Mexico to identify (1) the national distribution of TDF restoration projects, (2) restoration objectives, and (3) factors contributing to TDF restoration success or failure. The largest number of restoration sites were in the Yucatan Peninsula, and the most common objective was to restore dry forest vegetation on lands that had been used for agriculture or impacted by fires. Planting seedlings was the most widely reported restoration strategy, and plant survival was the most frequently monitored response variable. Maximum annual temperature and the Lang Aridity Index were the best predictors of plant survival, which ranged from 15% to 78%. This synthesis highlights how national restoration inventories can facilitate the development of a restoration evaluation framework to increase the efficacy of restoration investments.
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    Can grassroots movements in water conflicts drive socio-technical transitions in water management systems?
    (Elsevier, 2024-03) Godinez Madrigal, Jonatan; van Cauwenbergh, Nora; Ochoa-Garcia, Heliodoro; van der Zaag, Pieter
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    Elementos clave para la restauración de pequeños ríos en México
    (CONAHCYT / CIMAV, 2024-02) Ochoa-García, Heliodoro
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    Carbon stocks in a highly fragmented landscape with seasonally dry tropical forest in the Neotropics
    (Beijing Forestry University, 2022-05) Mesa-Sierra, Natalia; Laborde, Javier; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Escobar, Federico
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    Shopping for Ecological Indices? On the Use of Incidence-Based Species Compositional Similarity Measures
    (MDPI, 2022-05) Macgregor-Fors, Ian; Escobar, Federico; Escobar-Ibáñez, Juan F.; Mesa-Sierra, Natalia; Alvarado, Fredy; Rueda-Hernández, Rafael; Moreno, Claudia E.; Falfán, Ina; Corro, Erick J.; Pineda, Eduardo; Bourg, Amandine; Aguilar-López, José L.; Dáttilo, Wesley
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    Restoring mexican tropical dry forests: a national review
    (MDPI, 2022-03) Mesa-Sierra, Natalia; Campo, Julio; Giardina, Christian P.; DeLaPeña-Domene, Marinés
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    La crisis del agua es el grito de los pobres: desafíos para restaurar el ciclo hidrosocial
    (Social Justice Secretariat at the General Curia of the Society of Jesus, 2021-12) Ochoa-García, Heliodoro
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    Alternativas sociales hacia la sustentabilidad: experiencias en agricultura periurbana familiar y multifuncional en el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco
    (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, 2016-09) Morales-Hernández, Jaime; Mancha-Moreno, Miryam; Lamarque-Ahumada, David
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    Economías solidarias y territorio: hacia un análisis desde la complejidad.
    (Unisinos, 2015-12) Díaz-Muñoz, Guillermo
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    La agricultura familiar de traspatio y los pasos hacia la sustentabilidad: una experiencia en la Laguna de Cajititlán, Jalisco, México
    (Sociedad Científica Latinoamericana de Agroecología, 2015-10) Roldán-Roa, María E.; Almeida-Luján, Catalina; Morales-Hernández, Jaime; Alvarado-Castro, Eric R.